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Table 3 Chest X-ray/CT features of COVID-19, SARS and MERS patients

From: From SARS and MERS to COVID-19: a brief summary and comparison of severe acute respiratory infections caused by three highly pathogenic human coronaviruses

 

COVID-19 [132, 133]

SARS [134, 135]

MERS [136, 137]

Image performance

Bilateral, multifocal, peripheral distribution

Unilateral, focal; unilateral, multifocal; bilateral; peripheral distribution

Bilateral, multifocal; isolated unilateral; peripheral distribution

Normal radiography

19.90%

18.40%

20.00%

Abnormal radiography

 Ground-glass opacities

68.92%

68.48%

86.36%

 Crazy paving pattern

8.56%

46.27%

26.67%

 Consolidation

26.64%

65.65%

50.00%

 Interlobular septal thickening

34.54%

55.22%

40.91%

 Air bronchogram

34.54%

37.04%

NA

 Pleural effusion

3.57%

17.31%

54.55%

 Pneumothorax

Rare

9.62%

Rare

 Centrilobular nodules

Not seen

Not seen

Not seen

 Cavitation

Not seen

Not seen

Not seen

 Lymphadenopathy

6.00%

Not seen

Not seen

  1. NA not available