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Fig. 2 | Respiratory Research

Fig. 2

From: Mechanisms affecting exercise ventilatory inefficiency-airflow obstruction relationship in male patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Fig. 2

Flow chart showing the deductive mechanism of exercise ventilatory inefficiency and biological homeostasis. VD/VT: dead space fraction of tidal volume, \( \dot{\mathrm{V}}\mathrm{E}/\dot{\mathrm{V}}\mathrm{CO}2\mathrm{S} \): minute ventilation versus CO2 output slope, FEV1: forced expired volume in one s, SPO2peak: oxyhemoglobin saturation measured by pulse oximetry at peak exercise, PaO2: arterial partial pressure of O2, PaCO2: arterial partial pressure of CO2. Solid line with two-direction arrowheads: positive correlation, dashed line with two-direction arrowheads: negative correlation. Solid line with a single direction arrowhead: positively inducing, dashed line with a single direction arrowhead: negatively inducing

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