Table 4 Risk factors for refractory/recurrent cases after pulmonary resection for NTM-PD
Characteristic | Refractory/ recurrent cases, n = 10 | Censored cases, n = 25 | P value | Odds ratio | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Female sex n | 9 (90.0) | 14 (14 (56.0) | 0.1126 | Â | Â |
Age, median (IQR) | 67.5 (54–72) | 58.5 (49–63) | 0.282 |  |  |
Body mass index, median (IQR) | 18.85 (17.21–21.76) | 20.26 (18.25–21.36) | 0.4804 |  |  |
Underlying disease/history | |||||
 Prior TB | 1 (10.0) | 4 (16.0) | > 0.9999 |  |  |
 COPD | 0 (0.0) | 1 (4.0) | > 0.9999 |  |  |
 Diabetes mellitus | 0 (0.0) | 2 (8.0) | > 0.9999 |  |  |
 Lung resection | 0 (0.0) | 1 (4.0) | > 0.9999 |  |  |
Species/group | |||||
Mycobacterium avium | 8 (80.0) | 10 (40.0) | 0.0599 | Â | Â |
M. intracellulare | 1 (10.0) | 9 (36.0) | 0.2181 | Â | Â |
M. kansasii | 0 (0.0) | 1 (4.0) | > 0.9999 |  |  |
M. abscessus | 0 (0.0) | 5 (20.0) | 0.2915 | Â | Â |
 Undetermined | 1 (10.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0.2857 |  |  |
CAM-resistant strains | 2 (20.0) | 6 (24.0) | > 0.9999 |  |  |
Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis | 1 (10.0) | 2 (8.0) | > 0.9999 |  |  |
CT pattern | |||||
 Fibrocavitary | 3 (30.0) | 14 (56.0) | 0.2642 |  |  |
 Nodular bronchiectasis | 4 (40.0) | 11 (44.0) | > 0.9999 |  |  |
 Unclassifiable | 3 (30.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0.0183 |  | 2.496–∞ |
Median duration of pre-surgical treatment, months (IQR) | 24.5 (6.25–65.75) | 3 (1.25–21.25) | 0.0464 |  |  |
Antibiotic treatment – N (%) | |||||
No treatment | 1 (10.0) | 2 (8.0) | > 0.9999 |  |  |
On treatment | 9 (90.0) | 23 (92.0) | Â | Â | Â |
  CAM-included regimen ≥3 drugs | 6 (60.0) | 23 (92.0) | 0.0169 |  |  |
  CAM-included regimen 2 drugs | 1 (10.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0.7094 |  |  |
  CAM monotherapy | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | > 0.9999 |  |  |
  Non-CAM-included regimen | 2 (20.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0.2581 |  |  |
Pre-surgical radiological score (NICE score based on CT findings) | 9 (5.5–14.5) | 5 (3–9) | 0.0496 |  |  |
Post-surgical legion | |||||
 Remnant lesion after surgery | 9 (90.0) | 13 (52.0) | 0.0548 |  |  |
 Remnant bronchiectasis | 6 (60.0) | 2 (8.0) | 0.0028 | 17.25 | 2.38–94.81 |
 Remnant contralateral nodule or infiltration | 8 (80.0) | 3 (12.0) | 0.0003 | 29.33 | 4.165–160 |
Preoperative sputum examinations | |||||
 Positive AFB stain | 7 (70.0) | 3 (12.0) | 0.0016 | 17.11 | 2.814–79.56 |
 Positive AFB culture | 8 (80.0) | 8 (32.0) | 0.0218 | 8.5 | 1.666–43.85 |
Indications of surgery | |||||
 Poor response to medical therapy | 3 (30.0) | 4 (16.0) | 0.3811 |  |  |
 Remnant destroyed lesions | 5 (50.0) | 18 (72.0) | 0.2577 |  |  |
 Massive hemoptysis | 2 (20.0) | 3 (12.0) | 0.6103 |  |  |