Role of serum periostin in severe obstructive sleep apnea with albuminuria: an observational study

Respiratory Research

Table 5 Clinical effects of CPAP in patients with severe OSA^a and high serum periostin^b

Index	Severe OSA^a alone (n = 35)			Severe + high periostin^b (n = 8)
Index	Baseline	3 M after CPAP	p-value	Baseline	3 M after CPAP	p-value
BMI, kg/m²	28.7 ± 4.8	28.9 ± 4.5	0.47	28.2 ± 3.5	28.6 ± 3.4	0.18
AHI, events/h	52.3 ± 18	3.4 ± 3.8	< 0.01	51.3 ± 15.9	5.1 ± 4.5	< 0.01
CT₉₀, %	22.4 ± 23.7	0.2 ± 0.8	< 0.01	14 ± 6	0.7 ± 1.3	0.05
3% ODI, events/h	50.1 ± 19.5	2.8 ± 3.6	< 0.01	46.5 ± 16	4.5 ± 4.3	< 0.01
Arousal index, events/h	50 ± 17.7	18.9 ± 6.8	< 0.01	43.7 ± 14	20.2 ± 8.5	< 0.01
Lowest oxygen saturation, %	75.5 ± 7.8	91.1 ± 4.1	< 0.01	72.9 ± 8.5	89.5 ± 3.3	< 0.01
Serum periostin, ng/mL	60.1 ± 14	61.8 ± 15.5	0.38	104.1 ± 15.8	94 ± 10.8	0.04
Total cholesterol, mg/dL	199 ± 39	193 ± 38	0.21	201 ± 27	203 ± 29	0.58
High-density lipoprotein, mg/dL	52 ± 14	52 ± 12	0.92	53 ± 14	56 ± 15	0.05
Low-density lipoprotein, mg/dL	122 ± 29	119 ± 31	0.48	118 ± 19	123 ± 19	0.27
Triglycerides, mg/dL	179 ± 159	153 ± 95	0.12	204 ± 122	207 ± 95	0.79
Free fatty acids, mg/dL	464 ± 145	457 ± 171	0.81	609 ± 106	515 ± 116	0.25
Blood glucose, mg/dL	99 ± 23	96 ± 18	0.64	120 ± 37	101 ± 17	0.66
Hemoglobin A1c, %	6.1 ± 0.8	6.0 ± 0.7	0.62	6.8 ± 1.2	6.2 ± 0.6	0.26
Albuminuria^c, macro/micro/−, n	1/3/31	0/8/27	0.16^e	1/3/4	1/2/5	0.32^e
Urinary albumin–creatinine ratio^d, mg/g	25.6 ± 96.6	12.7 ± 34.2	< 0.01	132.1 ± 306.5	60.6 ± 121	< 0.01
Average CPAP use, min/day	304 ± 78		–	385 ± 70		0.01^f
Percent days of CPAP use > 4 h, %	65 ± 29		–	75 ± 24		0.36^f

Data are presented as mean ± SD or numbers
^aSevere OSA was defined as OSA with AHI ≥30
^bDetermined as high when the serum periostin level was ≥87 ng/mL (highest quintile) at baseline
^cDefined as positive if the urinary albumin–creatinine ratio was ≥20 mg/g in men or ≥ 30 mg/g in women
^dDefined as urine albumin/creatinine
^eEvaluated by the McNemar test, which examined the changes in the frequency of albuminuria following CPAP treatment
^fComparison of the severe OSA with high periostin group with the severe OSA alone group
CPAP continuous positive airway pressure, OSA obstructive sleep apnea, BMI body mass index, AHI apnea–hypopnea index; CT₉₀, cumulative percentage of sleep time with percutaneous oxygen saturation < 90%, ODI oxygen desaturation index

ISSN: 1465-993X