Fig. 2

T2 and T17 cytokines induce increased release of extracellular vesicles from HBECs at air-liquid interface. Cells were stimulated with T2 (IL-4 + IL-13) or T17 (IL-17A + TNFα) cytokines or left untreated (Control) and vesicles were isolated from the apical side. a Number of particles was measured in each fraction of the size exclusion chromatography by nanoparticle tracking analysis. (n = 3) Data are presented as the mean and SEM. b Number of particles was measured in each pool, each consisting of six fractions from the size exclusion chromatography, by nanoparticle tracking analysis. (n = 3) Data are presented as the mean and SEM. c Presence of the extracellular vesicle marker flotillin-1 and the endoplasmic reticulum protein calnexin were determined by Western blot in all pools. d Size and morphology of vesicles was determined by electron microscopy. Scale bars are 200 nm in the electron micrographs. e Individual particle concentrations for the pools consisting of fractions 7–12 from b are plotted. p-values calculated using paired t-test