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Table 4 Pearson’s correlation value (r) and significance values (p) depicting the extent to which the 13 dysregulated immunological mediators (significantly altered in ACO vs. asthma, ACO vs. COPD and ACO vs controls) are linearly related to FEV1 and FEV1/FVC of ACO subjects

From: Metabolomic fingerprinting and systemic inflammatory profiling of asthma COPD overlap (ACO)

Marker

Correlation

ACO vs FEV1

ACO vs FEV1/FVC

Pearson (r)

p-value

Pearson (r)

p-value

TNFα

−0.3717

0.0279

−0.2744

ns

IL-1β

−0.4362

0.0088

−0.6578

< 0.0001

IL-17E

−0.04455

ns

−0.3067

ns

GM-CSF

−0.09277

ns

−0.3762

0.0259

IL-18

−0.3219

ns

−0.1835

ns

NGAL

−0.3559

0.0359

−0.3947

0.0190

IL-5

−0.3519

0.0382

−0.6168

< 0.0001

IL-10

0.1457

ns

0.1785

ns

MCP-1

−0.1067

ns

−0.2734

ns

YKL-40

−0.4665

0.0047

−0.7473

< 0.0001

IFN-γ

−0.5192

0.0014

−0.6352

< 0.0001

IL-6

−0.476

0.0038

−0.6342

< 0.0001

TGF-β

−0.2106

0.2247

0.0011

ns

  1. The data is presented for markers with adjusted p-values≤0.05 considered significant
  2. COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder, ACO asthma COPD overlap, ns not significant, TNF αs Tumor necrosis factor α, GM-CSF- Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, NGAL-Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, MCP 1- Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1, YKL 40- Chitinase-3-like protein 1, IFN γ-Interferon γ, TGF β- Transforming growth factor β