Fig. 5
From: Measuring disease activity in COPD: is clinically important deterioration the answer?
Incidence (a) and independence (b) of individual CID component types on bronchodilator therapy. a Adapted from Singh D, et al. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2018. 19(1) p. 222.© The Authors 2016. Licensed under CC-BY 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). First CID was defined as a moderate/severe exacerbation and/or ≥ 100 mL decrease in trough FEV1 and/or ≥ 4 unit increase in SGRQ score; risk reduction was derived from time to first CID using a Cox’s proportional hazards model. CID, clinically important deterioration; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 s; RR, risk reduction; SGRQ, St George’s respiratory questionnaire; TIO, tiotropium; UMEC/VI, umeclidinium/vilanterol