Table 3 COPD patients with dysfunctional endothelium compared to COPD patients with normal endothelial function
From: Endothelial dysfunction is not a predictor of outcome in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Parameter | Dysfunctional endothelium, n = 90 n (%); median (IQR) | Normal endothelial function, n = 67 n (%); median (IQR) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
Male | 70 (65) | 38 (35) | 0.005 |
Age (years) | 67 (61–75) | 66 (57–72) | 0.169 |
Current smoker | 38 (58) | 27 (42) | 0.515 |
Pack years | 50 (40–63) | 50 (40–70) | 0.627 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 28 (25–33) | 24 (21–27) | < 0.001 |
6MWT (m) | 410 (315–490) | 425 (340–480) | 0.414 |
Exacerbation rate in the previous year | 1 (0) | 1 (0) | 0.473 |
Heart rate (bpm) | 75 (67–83) | 73 (67–84) | 0.770 |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 132 (119–145) | 133 (124–147) | 0.422 |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 74 (63–82) | 72 (63–80) | 0.295 |
FeNO (ppm) | 16 (11–26) | 19 (13–25) | 0.261 |
Unadjusted Charlson Score | 2 (1–3) | 2 (1–2) | 0.192 |
CAT Score | 17 (11–21) | 15 (11–21) | 0.717 |
Lung Function (post-brd) | |||
FEV1, in L | 1.5 (1.2–2.1) | 1.4 (0.94–1.7) | 0.032 |
FVC, in L | 3.0 (2.5–3.7) | 2.9 (2.4–3.4) | 0.159 |
FEV1, % predicted | 59.0 (44.2–69.6) | 55.9 (39.0–69.0) | 0.469 |
FVC. % predicted | 90.1 (73.8–102.4) | 91.0 (76.0–105.2) | 0.493 |
FEV1/FVC %predicted | 47.5 (40.8–60.3) | 47.1 (34.4–56.1) | 0.237 |
Reactive hyperemia index | 1.42 (1.27–1.53) | 2.12 (1.97–2.48) | 0.000 |
BODE Index | 0.872 | ||
≤ 2 | 48 (54) | 35 (51) | |
≥ 3 | 41 (46) | 33 (49) | |
GOLD Grade* | 0.862 | ||
GOLD II | 61 (68.5) | 45 (66.2) | |
GOLD III | 21 (23.6) | 15 (22.0) | |
GOLD IV | 7 (7.9) | 8 (11.8) | |
mMRC score | 0.613 | ||
≤ 2 | 51 (56) | 40 (44) | |
≥ 3 | 36 (61) | 23 (39) | |
SGRQ | |||
Symptoms score | 47 (25–67) | 41 (23–69) | 0.771 |
Activity score | 54 (41–72) | 57 (37–66) | 0.961 |
Impact score | 19 (13–39) | 20 (11–36) | 0.610 |
Total score | 34 (25–53) | 33 (23–49) | 0.689 |
Comorbidities | |||
Diabetes | 19 (86) | 3 (14) | 0.003 |
Pulmonary arterial hypertension | 6 (43) | 8 (57) | 0.274 |
Renal disease | 11 (50) | 11 (50) | 0.495 |
Arterial hypertension | 61 (60) | 40 (40) | 0.208 |
Congestive heart failure | 12 (52) | 11 (48) | 0.609 |
Coronary artery disease | 29 (66) | 15 (34) | 0.146 |
Cerebrovascular disease | 8 (57) | 6 (43) | 0.971 |
Myocardial infarction | 11 (55) | 9 (45) | 0.870 |
Medication | |||
SHB2AC | 7 (50) | 7 (50) | 0.385 |
SABA | 31 (65) | 17 (35) | 0.470 |
LABA/ICS | 81 (60) | 55 (40) | 0.648 |
LABA | 12 (75) | 4 (25) | 0.209 |
LAMA | 81 (60) | 54 (40) | 1.000 |
Mucolytics/Antioxidants | 10 (59) | 7 (41) | 0.863 |
Statins | 39 (63) | 23 (37) | 0.223 |
Aspirin | 50 (60) | 33 (40) | 0.377 |
Ace inhibitor | 46 (64) | 26 (36) | 0.127 |