Table 2 Demographic data, smoking, comorbidities and functional, radiological and clinical parameters of the sarcoidosis cohort, divided into steroid-free and treated
From: Chitotriosidase: a biomarker of activity and severity in patients with sarcoidosis
Sarcoidosis steroid-free | Sarcoidosis on therapy | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
N° | 370 | 324 | |
Male (%) | 160 (43) | 128 (39.5) | 0.4012 |
Age (years) | 55.6 ± 14.9 | 54.2 ± 13.4 | 0.5978 |
Smoking history (pack/year) | 4.8 ± 10 | 5.1 ± 10.4 | 0.1849 |
• Current (%) | 18 (4.8) | 19 (5.8) | 0.4012 |
• Former (%) | 117 (31.6) | 79 (24.3) | 0.4012 |
• Never (%) | 235 (63.5) | 226 (69.7) | 0.4012 |
Biomarkers determination (basal sampling) | |||
• Chitotriosidase nmol/ml/h | 180.1 ± 99.2 | 168.2 ± 118.2 | 0.3210 |
• ACE UI/ml | 49.3 ± 24.2 | 48.5 ± 24.8 | 0.5031 |
• Lysozyme mg/dl | 5.8 ± 1.8 | 5.4 ± 2.4 | 0.8265 |
Comorbidities | 228 (61.2%) | 199 (61.4%) | 0.7887 |
• Arterial Hypertension (%) | 93 (25.1) | 67 (20.4) | 0.1624 |
• Diabetes Mellitus (%) | 21 (5.6) | 27 (8.3) | 0.0578 |
• Osteopenia/Osteoporosis (%) | 112 (30.2) | 110 (33.9) | 0.1875 |
• Thyroid disorder (%) | 29 (7.8) | 25 (7.7) | 0.9410 |
• Psychiatric disorder (%) | 14 (3.7) | 18 (5.5) | 0.2178 |
• GERD/Hiatal ernia (%) | 32 (8.6) | 31 (9.5) | 0.5264 |
• Other (%) | 29 (7.8) | 33 (10.1) | 0.1765 |
PFTs | |||
• FVC l (%) | 3.6 ± 1.1 (105.7 ± 18.2) | 3.5 ± 1.1 (104.2 ± 18.4) | 0.2455 |
• FEV1 l (%) | 2.8 ± 0.9 (98.5 ± 19) | 2.7 ± 1 (95.8 ± 19) | 0.0945 |
• FEV1/FVC | 76.1 ± 7.8 | 75.8 ± 8.7 | 0.6210 |
• TLC l (%) | 6.3 ± 1.6 (110.8 ± 18.8) | 6.1 ± 1.4 (109.1 ± 16.9) | 0.3401 |
• DLCO % | 83.1 ± 15.6 | 77.7 ± 16.9 | 0.002 |
• KCO % | 92.7 ± 15.8 | 89.6 ± 15.8 | 0.0089 |
Radiological assessment (Scadding) | |||
• Stage 0 (%) | 177 (47.8) | 116 (35) | <0.0001 |
• Stage 1 (%) | 45 (12.1) | 28 (9) | <0.0001 |
• Stage 2 (%) | 56 (15.1) | 67 (21) | < 0.0001 |
• Stage 3 (%) | 81 (21.8) | 83 (24) | <0.0001 |
• Stage 4 (%) | 11 (2.9) | 30 (10) | <0.0001 |
Clinical assessment | |||
• No symptoms (%) | 145 (39.1) | 98 (30.2) | 0.0123 |
• Cough (%) | 132 (35.6) | 110 (33.9) | 0.8812 |
• Dyspnea (%) | 155 (41.8) | 133 (41) | 0.8120 |
• Asthenia (%) | 118 (31.8) | 119 (36.7) | 0.1125 |
• Arthtralgia (%) | 71 (19.1) | 76 (23.4) | 0.1198 |
Localizations of disease | |||
• Isolated pulmonary | 284 (76.7) | 143 (44.1%) | <0.0001 |
• Lung + extrapulmonary | 55 (14.8%) | 111 (34.2%) | <0.0001 |
• Extrapulmonary only | 31 (8.3%) | 70 (21.6%) | <0.0001 |
Clinical phenotypes | |||
• Abdominal (%) | 14 (3.7) | 16 (4.9) | <0.0001 |
• OCCC (%) | 12 (3.2) | 20 (6.1) | <0.0001 |
• Muscoloskeletal-cutaneous (%) | 35 (9.4) | 78 (24) | <0.0001 |
• Isolated pulmonary (%) | 284 (76.7) | 143 (44.1) | <0.0001 |
• Extrapulmonary (%) | 25 (6.7) | 67 (20.6) | <0.0001 |
Lab parameters | |||
• 24 h urine calcium mg/dl | 177.1 ± 136.8 | 222.6 ± 139.9 | 0.0289 |
COS classification | 247 | 309 | |
• 1 (%) | 49 (19.8) | 0 | <0.0001 |
• 2 (%) | 50 (20.2) | 0 | <0.0001 |
• 3 (%) | 33 (13.3) | 0 | <0.0001 |
• 4 (%) | 29 (11.7) | 0 | <0.0001 |
• 5 (%) | 31 (12.5) | 0 | <0.0001 |
• 6 (%) | 55 (22.2) | 10 (3.2) | <0.0001 |
• 7 (%) | 0 | 112 (36.2) | <0.0001 |
• 8 (%) | 0 | 151 (48.8) | <0.0001 |
• 9 (%) | 0 | 36 (11.6) | <0.0001 |