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Table 1 Literature summary of GM-CSF treatment for PAP

From: Therapeutic effect of subcutaneous injection of low dose recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor on pulmonary alveolar proteinosis

Trials

Usage of GM-CSF

Maximum dose of GM-CSF

Medication timea

Effective rate

Yearb

Seymour et al. [15]

subcutaneous injection

5 μg/kg/day

300 days

100% (n = 1)

1996

Kavuru et al. [16]

subcutaneous injection

9μg/kg/day

12 weeks

75% (n = 4)

2000

Seymour et al [17]

subcutaneous injection

20μg/kg/d

6–12 weeks

43%(n = 14)

2001

Bonfield et al. [18]

subcutaneous injection

18 μg/kg/day

12–48 weeks

55% (n = 11)

2002

Tazawa et al. [19]

inhalation therapy

250 μg/day; every other week

24 weeks

100% (n = 3)

2005

Venkateshiah et al. [20]

subcutaneous injection

18 μg/kg/day

12–52 weeks

48% (n = 21)

2006

Wylam et al. [21]

inhalation therapy

500ugbid week-on, week-off

3–68 weeks

92%(n = 12)

2006

Tazawa et al. [22]

inhalation therap

250 μg/day d1-d8, d9-d14 no use of drugs × 6 cycles

24 weeks

62% (n = 39)

2010

Spyros et al. [23]

inhalation therapy

250μg qd 4 days-on, 4 days-off

14–65 weeks

100%(n = 6)

2014

Tazawa et al. [24]

inhalation therapy

(125 μg bid d1-d8, d9-d14 no use of drugs × 6 cycles) + (125 μg qd d1-d4,d5-d14 no use of drugs× 6 cycles)

24 weeks

66%(n = 35

2014

  1. GM-CSF Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, PAP Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis
  2. aMedication time:The time of administration was fixed in some studies, while varied in some studies. In this situation, the medication time was showed as the shortest time - the longest time in this table
  3. byear: The publication time of the study