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Table 2 CLD-related work productivity and activity impairment (WPAI)

From: The socioeconomic burden of chronic lung disease in low-resource settings across the globe – an observational FRESH AIR study

WPAI item

Uganda

Vietnam

Kyrgyzstan

Greece

Total

Employed population

 Absenteeism

  % work time missed due to CLD

0.0 [0.0–9.1]

0.0 [0.0–8.0]

50.0 [0.0–100.0]

4.0 [0.0–16.7]

0.0 [0.0–16.7]

  % of the people who missed any work due to CLD, mean (95%CI)

46.8 (35.6–58.1)

31.5 (23.3–39.7)

70.0 (55.2–84.8)

50.0 (20.0–80.0)

43.0 (36.9–49.1)

 Presenteeism

  % impairment while working due to CLD

20.0 [10.0–30.0]

10.0 [0.0–30.0]

60.0 [32.5–70.0]

20.0 [0.0–30.0]

20.0 [0.0–40.0]

  % of the people whose productivity was affected, mean (95%CI)

77.2 (67.8–86.7)

62.2 (53.7–70.8)

100.0 (100.0–100.0)

71.4 (44.4–98.5)

72.9 (67.4–78.3)

 Overall work impairment

  Absenteeism and presenteeism combined

27.3 [12.9–36.7]

20.0 [0.0–47.3]

84.0 [50.0–100.0]

24.5 [0.0–44.6]

30.0 [1.8–51.7]

  % of people who suffered from any work impairment, mean (95%CI)

79.7 (70.7–88.8)

65.4 (57.0–73.7)

100.0 (100.0–100.0)

71.4 (44.4–98.5)

75.2 (69.9–80.5)

 Activity impairment

  % impairment of activities due to CLD

20.0 [5.0–30.0]

10.0 [0.0–32.5]

55.0 [30.0–70.0]

10.0 [0.0–30.0]

20.0 [0.0–40.0]

  % of the people whose daily activities were affected, mean (95%CI)

75.9 (66.3–85.6)

61.4 (52.8–70.0)

100.0 (100.0–100.0)

53.8 (22.5–85.2)

71.5 (66.1–76.9)

Total population

 Activity impairment

  % impairment of activities due to CLD

20.0 [10.0–30.0]

30.0 [10.0–50.0]

60.0 [47.5–70.0]

40.0 [20.0–70.0]

40.0 [20.0–60.0]

  % of the people whose daily activities were affected, mean (95%CI)

80.3 (74.4–86.3)

80.5 (76.9–84.1)

98.0 (96.5–99.6)

90.0 (83.7–96.3)

86.4 (84.4–88.5)

  1. Data are in median [interquartile range] unless stated otherwise. CI confidence interval; CLD chronic lung disease. Total number of participants (numbers of employed population): Uganda N = 173 (81), Vietnam 471 (134), Kyrgyzstan 306 (40), Greece 90 (15), and total 1040 (270). Due to different population characteristics per country, data should be interpreted within the country’s context and not be used to directly compare between countries