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Fig. 3 | Respiratory Research

Fig. 3

From: Metagenomic identification of severe pneumonia pathogens in mechanically-ventilated patients: a feasibility and clinical validity study

Fig. 3

Comparisons of microbes detected by Nanopore metagenomic sequencing and clinical culture. Each small plot represents an endotracheal aspirate; each bar represents a microbe; the X-axis represents the relative abundance of microbes by Nanopore. Petri dish represents pathogen isolated by clinical culture. The three most abundant taxa detected by Nanopore sequencing were included. a In 8 samples with culture-positive bacterial pneumonia, Nanopore signals were dominated by pathogens isolated by culture. b In 8 samples with culture-positive bacterial pneumonia, the relative abundance of culture-positive pathogens was 90-times higher than that of the second-ranked taxa detected by Nanopore. c In 1 sample with probable invasive fungal infection, chest radiograph supported a clinical diagnosis of pneumonia, Aspergillus fumigatus was isolated by culture, and Nanopore revealed the same fungal pathogen by sequencing. d In 5 culture-negative pneumonia samples, potential pathogens were found in one sample, and fungi were found in 3 samples with Nanopore. e Only typical oral bacteria were identified in 5/8 of control samples, but potential pathogens were detected in 3/8 of them. * compared to culture of pleural fluid; ** case of culture-positive tracheobronchitis and acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (no infiltrate on chest radiograph)

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