| Former Smoker N = 34 | Current Smoker N = 53 | P-value* |
---|---|---|---|
 | Median (IQR) | ||
Bronchial epithelial cells | |||
 NRF2 | 0.83 (0.65–1.17) | 1.03 (0.91–1.26) | 0.010 |
 NQO1 | 0.56 (0.36–0.75) | 1.61 (1.01–2.22) | <.001 |
 HO1 | 0.64 (0.31–0.92) | 1.29 (0.61–1.87) | <.001 |
 AKR1C1 | 0.58 (0.31–0.94) | 1.72 (0.76–2.64) | <.001 |
 AKR1C3 | 0.64 (0.36–1.05) | 1.54 (0.98–2.34) | <.001 |
 Keap1 | 0.97 (0.64–1.25) | 1.16 (0.89–1.53) | 0.03 |
Alveolar macrophages | |||
 NRF2 | 1.32 (0.94–1.72) | 1.05 (0.77–1.42) | 0.05 |
 NQO1 | 0.65 (0.47–1.70) | 1.11 (0.62–2.05) | 0.18 |
 HO1 | 1.12 (0.76–1.44) | 0.99 (0.74–1.25) | 0.33 |
 AKR1C1 | 1.34 (0.64–4.49) | 0.88 (0.57–2.88) | 0.20 |
 AKR1C3 | 0.97 (0.53–1.48) | 1.11 (0.85–1.68) | 0.29 |
 Keap1 | 0.91 (0.70–1.44) | 0.99 (0.79–1.32) | 0.83 |
Nasal epithelial cells | |||
 NRF2 | 1.00 (0.80–1.13) | 1.10 (0.78–1.41) | 0.13 |
 NQO1 | 1.05 (0.59–1.80) | 1.00 (0.56–2.05) | 0.92 |
 AKR1C3 | 1.21 (0.67–1.97) | 1.13 (0.69–2.46) | 0.79 |
 AKR1B10 | 0.67 (0.39–1.59) | 2.19 (0.99–4.43) | 0.001 |
PBMC | |||
 NRF2 | 0.85 (0.69–1.04) | 1.05 (0.82–1.43) | 0.009 |
 NQO1 | 0.85 (0.53–1.04) | 0.92 (0.64–1.25) | 0.30 |
 HO1 | 1.43 (1.12–1.68) | 1.07 (0.84–1.37) | 0.003 |
 AKR1C1 | 1.82 (0.40–6.73) | 0.73 (0.37–8.88) | 0.82 |
 AKR1C3 | 0.72 (0.51–1.16) | 0.89 (0.51–1.13) | 0.61 |