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Table 3 Characteristics of patients by treatment category

From: Are there specific clinical characteristics associated with physician’s treatment choices in COPD?

Characteristics

Treatment category

p-value

A

B

C

D

E

N = 214

N = 223

N = 217

N = 132

N = 385

Age, in year

64.1 ± 8.4

65.6 ± 8.7

65.5 ± 8.1

65.6 ± 9.1

65.4 ± 8.2

0,444

Gender, male, n(%)

139 (65.0)

142 (63.7)

168 (77.4)

101 (76.5)

261 (67.8)

0.004*

BMI, kg/m2

26.0 ± 5.5

26.7 ± 5.8

26.1 ± 6.2

27.1 ± 6.1

25.5 ± 5.8

0,051

COPD GOLD stages, n(%)

 GOLD I

106 (49.5)

66 (29.6)

21 (9.7)

26 (19.7)

22 (5.7)

< 0.001*

 GOLD II

82 (38.3)

124 (55.6)

106 (48.8)

58 (43.9)

131 (34.0)

< 0.001*

 GOLD III

18 (8.4)

26 (11.7)

69 (31.8)

34 (25.8)

147 (38.2)

< 0.001*

 GOLD IV

8 (3.7)

7 (3.1)

21 (9.7)

14 (10.6)

85 (22.1)

< 0.001*

FEV1, % predicted

77.0 ± 20.0

69.4 ± 17.5

55.8 ± 18.9

58.9 ± 21.5

47.4 ± 18.7

< 0.001*

FVC, % predicted

99.3 ± 21.1

93.5 ± 20.7

86.3 ± 22.5

85.1 ± 24.2

79.6 ± 22.9

< 0.001*

Active smoker, n(%)

111 (52.4)

93 (41.7)

73 (33.8)

54 (41.2)

118 (31.4)

< 0.001*

Cumulative smoking, pack-years

45.2 ± 22.3

43.7 ± 19.8

47.7 ± 23.9

45.4 ± 24.0

46.0 ± 23.6

0,558

MRC Score

1.2 ± 1.0

1.4 ± 0.9

1.8 ± 1.0

1.7 ± 1.2

2.1 ± 1.1

< 0.001*

MRC Score ≥ 2, n (%)

77 (36.0)

87 (39.0)

128 (59.0)

68 (51.5)

267 (69.4)

< 0.001*

HAD Score

11.4 ± 7.3

11.2 ± 6.6

11.7 ± 6.9

12.7 ± 6.9

13.6 ± 7.3

< 0.001*

CAT score

14.0 ± 7.2

14.8 ± 6.6

17.0 ± 7.3

17.8 ± 8.5

19.1 ± 7.6

< 0.001*

DIRECT score

8.4 ± 6.8

9.0 ± 5.7

12.2 ± 7.2

12.3 ± 8.0

14.9 ± 7.7

< 0.001*

LTOT, n(%)

19 (8.9)

6 (2.7)

30 (13.8)

14 (10.6)

101 (26.2)

< 0.001*

Long-term NIV, n(%)

14 (6.5)

20 (9.0)

14 (6.5)

8 (6.1)

27 (7.0)

0,801

Long-term CPAP, n(%)

9 (4.2)

4 (1.8)

10 (4.6)

8 (6.1)

37 (9.6)

< 0.001*

Exacerbations last year (≥1 severes or ≥ 2 moderate), n (%)

48 (22.4)

34 (15.2)

56 (25.8)

59 (44.7)

192 (49.9)

< 0.001*

Cardio-vascular comorbidity

117 (54.7)

142 (63.7)

123 (56.7)

80 (60.6)

228 (59.2)

0,367

  1. Values were mean ± SD unless otherwise specified. * highlight statistically significant differences
  2. A category: no COPD treatment or short-acting bronchodilator(s) (SABA and/or SAMA) only; B category: LABA OR LAMA; C category: LABA+LAMA; D category: LABA OR LAMA + ICS; E category: LABA+LAMA+ICS
  3. P-value was obtained by performing Chi-square analysis (category variables) or ANOVA (normally distributed continuous variables) or Kruskal-Wallis Test (not normally distributed continuous variables)
  4. LTOT long-term oxygen therapy, NIV non-invasive ventilation, CPAP continuous positive airway pressure, HAD hospital anxiety-depression scale, CAT COPD assessment, mMRC modified medical research council dyspnea scale