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Table 8 Comparison of major clinical and biomarkers between current and former smokers

From: Imaging-based clusters in former smokers of the COPD cohort associate with clinical characteristics: the SubPopulations and intermediate outcome measures in COPD study (SPIROMICS)

Current smokers

 

Cluster 1

Cluster 2

Cluster 3

Cluster 4

P value

Total WBC count (N/μl)

7153

(2291)

7353

(2527)

7110

(1954)

7073

(2123)

0.924

Baseline CAT score

13.17 (7.95)

16.45 (9.54)

13.78 (7.86)

20.06 (7.86)

<  0.0001

BMI (kg/m2)

27.63

(4.7)

31.1

(5.04)

25.58 (4.76)

23.65 (4.26)

<  0.0001

Exacerbations

 Severe

0.2

(0.6)

0.44

(1.62)

0.31

(0.82)

1.25

(2.27)

<  0.0001

 Total

0.49

(1.19)

1.09

(3.39)

0.92

(2.14)

2.09

(2.91)

<  0.0001

 Total at baseline

0.25

(0.68)

0.58

(1.39)

0.22

(0.63)

0.62

(0.99)

0.011

 Oxygen desaturation with 6-min walk (%)

14

36

14

41

<  0.0001

 Post-bronchodilator values (FEV1/FVC × 100)

74

(9)

68

(13)

63

(11)

44

(12)

<  0.0001

Former smokers

 Total WBC count (N/μl)

6204

(1595)

6773

(1954)

6907.27 (1722)

7330.24 (2155)

0.005

 Baseline CAT score

9.36

(6.19)

10.73 (6.61)

10.96 (6.38)

17.06 (7.33)

<  0.0001

 BMI (kg/m2)

28.67 (4.43)

30.76 (4.55)

28.49 (4.60)

25.68 (4.44)

<  0.0001

Exacerbations

 Severe

0.08

(0.34)

0.25

(1.11)

0.23

(0.70)

0.84

(1.61)

<  0.0001

 Total

0.44

(0.96)

0.81

(1.78)

0.94

(1.52)

2.56

(3.09)

<  0.0001

 Total at baseline

0.16

(0.44)

0.32

(0.87)

0.21

(0.53)

0.66

(0.92)

<  0.0001

 Oxygen desaturation with 6-min walk (%)

18

17

37

76

<  0.0001

 Post-bronchodilator values (FEV1/FVC × 100)

72

(10)

71

(9)

53

(11)

34

(12)

<  0.0001

  1. Kruskal-Wallis and chi-square tests were performed for continuous and categorical variables, respectively, and their P values were reported