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Table 1 General characteristics according to the ventilatory efficiency and dynamic hyperinflation

From: The value of high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) to determine exercise ventilatory inefficiency and dynamic hyperinflation in adult patients with cystic fibrosis

Variables

Study sample n = 52

Patients with Vef and without DH n = 10 (19%)

Patients with Vin and without DH n = 13 (25%)

Patients with Vef and with DH n = 14 (27%)

Patients with Vin and with DH n = 15 (29%)

p value a

Age, years

29.1 ± 8.1

30.9 ± 10.1

29.8 ± 8

26.3 ± 6

30 ± 8.7

0.494

Male, %

58

80

46

50

60

0.373

BMI, kg/m2

21.4 [19.5; 22.5]

22.3 [21.7; 24.3]

20.8 [19; 22.8]

20.9 [19.8; 21.9]

20.9 [18.8; 23.3]

0.230

FFMI, kg/m2

17.1 [15.4; 18]

17.6 [15.7; 18.3]

16.4 [14.5; 17.4]

17 [15.6; 18.2]

17.4 [15.3; 18]

0.402

Diabetes, %

31

50

23

29

27

0.523

CFTR mutations, %

     

0.972

F508del/F508del

42

40

39

36

54

 

F508del/Other

41

40

46

43

33

 

Other/Other

17

20

15

21

13

 

Pseudomonas aeruginosa colonization, %

94

80

92

100

100

0.133

LTOT, %

8

0

0

14

13

0.328

Domiciliary NIMV, %

4

0

0

7

7

0.647

FEV1, % pred.

69.2 ± 22.3

85.2 ± 22.3

82.1 ± 20

61.7 ± 17.4 b c

54.3 ± 15.6 b c

< 0.001

FVC, % pred.

89.6 ± 18.3

98.6 ± 17.1

100.4 ± 20

86 ± 12.8

77.5 ± 14.1 b c

0.001

FEV1/FVC, %

64.8 ± 12.2

72.8 ± 9.1

70.1 ± 11.8

59.9 ± 11.1 b

59.6 ± 11.3 b

0.005

IC at rest, % pred.

77.5 [61.5; 91.7]

76.5 [69.2; 104.5]

76 [57.5; 103]

78 [63.7; 89.5]

81 [57; 87]

0.977

VT at rest, L

0.64 [0.48; 0.84]

0.61 [0.37; 0.71]

0.86 [0.67; 0.95] b

0.50 [0.44; 0.81] c

0.61 [0.54; 0.71] c

0.015

RR at rest, breath/min

17.5 [13; 21.5]

18 [16.6; 20.7]

13 [11.8; 18]

17 [11.7; 24]

20 [15.9; 26]

0.510

  1. Ventilatory efficiency (Vef) and inefficiency (Vin) were defined according to the V’E/V’CO2 slope < 30 and V’E/V’CO2 slope ≥ 30, respectively. Patients without and with dynamic hyperinflation (DH) were defined according to the peak-to-rest change of IC (Δ IC, L) > − 0.100 L and ≤ − 0.100 L.
  2. Data are shown as number of patients (%), means ± SD or medians [1st quartile; 3rd quartile], unless otherwise stated
  3. Abbreviations: BMI body mass index, FFMI fat-free mass index, LTOT long-term oxygen therapy, NIMV non-invasive mechanical ventilation, FEV1 forced expiratory volume at 1st second, FVC forced vital capacity, IC inspiratory capacity, VT tidal volume, RR respiratory rate
  4. ap-value calculated between all groups; b p-value < 0.05 versus patients with Vef and without DH; c p-value < 0.05 versus patients with Vin and without DH
  5. Boldface variables are statistically significants