Table 3 Demographical and clinical features of all subjects in three lipid clusters

 CAP patients, n (%)

6 (100%)

33 (44.6%)

13 (32.5%)

0.005^a,b

 SCAP patients, n (%)

6 (100%)

14 (18.9%)

1 (2.5%)

< 0.0005^a,b,c

 Age (years)

55.17 ± 16.13

53.49 ± 16.88

52.77 ± 16.78

0.935

 Gender, n, (% male)

4 (66.7%)

35 (47.3%)

14 (35.0%)

0.243

 Ever smokers, n (%)

1 (16.7%)

6 (8.1%)

3 (7.5%)

0.600

 Current smokers, n (%)

1 (16.7%)

12 (16.2%)

3 (7.5%)

0.390

 Diabetes Mellitus, n (%)

2 (33.3%)

12 (16.2%)

5 (12.5%)

0.376

 Hypertension, n (%)

1 (16.7%)

25 (33.8%)

11 (27.5%)

0.661

 Hyperlipidemia, n (%)

0

13 (17.6%)

6 (15.0%)

0.692

 Coronary Heart Disease, n (%)

2 (33.3%)

9 (12.2%)

4 (10.0%)

0.281

  BUN (mmol/L)

4.4 (1 - 27)

4.4 (1 - 25)

4.4 ± 1.5

0.323

  Cr (μmol/L)

86.5 (30 - 448)

60 (30 - 237)

61.9 ± 18.4

0.345

  ALT (U/L)

24.5 (12.0 - 77.5)

25.5 (13.3 - 44.5)

28.0 (18.0 - 41.0)

0.958

  AST (U/L)

30.5 (14.8 - 248.5)

25 (18.0 - 32.0)

28.0 (21.0 - 43.0)

0.422

  CK (U/L)

41.5 (19.0 - 540.0)

58.5 (43.3 - 94.8)

84 (48.0 - 116.0)

0.765

  ALB (g/L)

25.4 ± 5.2

35.3 ± 6.7

35.8 ± 5.5

0.006^a,b

  Glucose (mmol/L)

9.4 ± 4.5

5.1 (4.7 - 6.2)

4.8 (4.5 - 5.7)

0.086

  TC (mmol/L)

2.8 ± 1.0

3.8 (3.7 - 4.7)

4.8 ± 1.3

< 0.0005^a,b,c

  TG (mmol/L)

1.0 (0.7 - 2.8)

1.2 (0.9 – 1.6)

1.8 ± 1.0

0.166

  WBC (× 10⁹/L)

11.3 (6.3 - 17.0)

6.1 (5.1 - 8.4)

6.7 ± 2.1

0.241

  Neutrophils (× 10⁹/L)

8.9 ± 4.7

4.0 (3.1 - 6.0)

4.5 ± 1.7

0.105

  Lymphocytes (× 10⁹/L)

1.0 ± 0.4

1.3 ± 0.6

1.5 ± 0.9

0.08

  NLR

11.5 ± 9.7

2.9 (2.2 - 5.3)

3.9 ± 2.6

0.092

  Total cell counts (× 10⁶ cells)

0.48 (0.18 – 0.74)

0.2 (0.16 -0.29 )

0.2 (0.14 - 0.25)

0.182

  PMN percentages (%)

57.5 (28.3 – 70.5)

2 (1 - 19.3)

1.5 (0 - 4.0)

< 0.0005^a,b,c

  Macrophage percentages (%)

23.7 ± 20.4

54.7 ± 28.2

63.9 ± 24.0

0.006^a,b

  Lymphocyte percentages (%)

14.5 (9.8 – 38.0)

20 (9.0 – 37.0)

24 (13.0 – 48.0)

0.195

  Eosinophil percentages (%)

0 (0 - 1)

0 (0 - 1)

0 (0 - 0.5)

0.979

  Albumen concentration (g/L)

4.01 (0.87 – 6.05)

0.35 (0.17 – 1.16)

0.08 (0.06 – 0.22)

< 0.0005^a,b,c

  PCT (μg/L)

17.9 ± 26.0

0.17 (0.05 - 0.37)

0.17 (0.11 - 0.21)

0.008^a,b

  CRP (mg/L)

83.7 ± 65.3

43.82 (13.8 - 117.0)

43.82 (11.7 - 88.4)

0.611

  ESR (mm/h)

21 (18.3 - 41)

50 (23.5 - 16.5)

30.9 ± 17.6

0.209

  Recent corticosteroid usage^e

1 (16.7%)

5 (15.6%)

0

0.335

  Recent antibiotic usage^e

6 (100%)

31 (96.9%)

12 (92.3%)

0.611

  Quinolones at bronchoscopy

4 (66.7%)

21 (65.6%)

6 (46.2%)

0.484

  Macrolides at bronchoscopy

1 (16.7%)

3 (9.4%)

4 (30.8%)

0.206

  β-lactams at bronchoscopy

1 (16.7%)

16 (50.0%)

6 (46.2%)

0.419

  Carbapenems at bronchoscopy

4 (66.7%)

6 (18.8%)

0

0.005^a,b

  Vancomycin /linezolid at bronchoscopy

2 (33.3%)

2 (6.3%)

0

0.073

  Bacteria

2 (33.3%)

3 (9.1%)

0

0.262

  Atypical

1 (16.7%)

10 (30.3%)

3 (23.1%)

0.737

  Virus

2 (33.3%)

11 (33.3%)

4 (30.8%)

0.828

  Fungus

0

3 (9.1%)

1 (7.7%)

0.836

  Unknown

2

12

7

  Hypoxemia

6 (100%)

13 (39.4%)

3 (23.1%)

0.005^a,b

  IPPV

3 (50%)

5 (15.2%)

0

0.022^b

  AKI

2 (33.3%)

2 (6.1%)

0

0.07

  30-day mortality

1 (16.7%)

5 (15.2%)

0

0.333

  LOS (days)

25.0 ± 22.3

13.4 ± 6.5

10.5 ± 3.4

0.092