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Fig. 3 | Respiratory Research

Fig. 3

From: Impact of prior and concurrent medication on exacerbation risk with long-acting bronchodilators in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a post hoc analysis

Fig. 3

Trough FEV1 CFB (active treatment vs PBO) versus exacerbation risk reduction by baseline medication subgroup: Maintenance-naive (a), ICS-free (b), Low albuterol use (c), On maintenance treatment (d), ICS-treated (e), and High albuterol use (f). a p < 0.001 versus PBO for improvement in trough FEV1 and no significant impact on exacerbation risk versus PBO. b p < 0.001 versus PBO for improvement in trough FEV1 and significant (p < 0.05) reduction versus PBO in risk of a first exacerbation. c p < 0.05 versus VI for improvement in FEV1 and reduction in risk of a first exacerbation within subgroup. All pairwise comparisons represent exacerbation risk ratios (95% CI) plotted against LS means (95% CI) CFB in trough FEV1 for the comparison of each active treatment versus placebo. CFB, change from baseline; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 s; ICS, inhaled corticosteroid; LS, least squares, PBO, placebo; UMEC, umeclidinium; VI, vilanterol

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