Fig. 5
From: Ethyl pyruvate reduces organic dust-induced airway inflammation by targeting HMGB1-RAGE signaling
EP reduces ODE-exposure induced augmentation of RAGE expression and HMGB1-RAGE co-localization in the cytoplasm. Medium (control, 0 h) or ODE treated (6, 24 and 48 h post) treated cells were stained with polyclonal anti-HMGB1 or anti-RAGE antibodies. Compared to controls, ODE treated cells showed increased expression and nucleocytoplasmic translocation of HMGB1 (arrowhead, 48 h, a), increased expression of RAGE (48 h, a) and co-localization of HMGB1 and RAGE (white arrows, 48 h, a). Compared to vehicle (Ringer’s solution), co-treatment with EP (2.5 μM) resulted in a marked decrease in ODE-induced nucleocytoplasmic translocation of HMGB-1 and co-localization of HMGB1 and expression of RAGE (arrows and inset, bar = 200 μm, b)