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Table 3 The maximum effect estimates of air pollutants using single-pollutant models and two-pollutant models

From: The impact of outdoor air pollutants on outpatient visits for respiratory diseases during 2012–2016 in Jinan, China

Lag day

Single-pollutant model

Two-pollutant model

Two-pollutant model

Two-pollutant model

Two-pollutant model

Two-pollutant model

PM2.5

PM2.5

PM2.5+ SO2

PM2.5 + NO2

PM2.5 + CO

PM2.5 + O3

 

Lag 3

0.168(0.072, 0.265)*

0.217(0.105,0.328)*

0.094(−0.042,0.231)

0.183(0.001,0.366)*

0.168(0.072,0.265)*

 

Lag05

0.441(0.251, 0.632) *

0.566(0.343,0.770)*

0.235(−0.024,0.495)

0.481(0.127,0.836)*

0.423(0.233,0.613)*

 

PM10

PM10

PM10 + SO2

PM10+ NO2

PM10 + CO

PM10+ O3

 

Lag 3

0.149(0.082,0.215)*

0.199(0.121,0.277)*

0.133(0.037,0.230)*

0.197(0.088,0.307)*

0.146(0.079,0.212)*

 

Lag05

0.388(0.261,0.514)*

0.501(0.357,0.645)*

0.339(0.159,0.520)*

0.477(0.284,0.669)*

0.368(0.240,0.496)*

 

SO2

SO2

SO2 + PM2.5

SO2+ NO2

SO2 + CO

SO2+ O3

SO2 + PM10

Lag 4

0.066(−0.082,0.214)

−0.038(−0.210,0.134)

− 0.198(− 0.412,0.017)

−0.041(− 0.226,0.144)

0.080(− 0.068,0.229)

−0.106(− 0.280,0.068)

Lag05

0.004(− 0.308,0.316)

−0.410(− 0.756,-0.063)*

−1.091(−1.527,-0.653)*

−0.420(− 0.783,-0.056)*

0.014(− 0.297,0.325)

−0.578(− 0.926,-0.229)

NO2

NO2

NO2+ PM2.5

NO2+ SO2

NO2 + CO

NO2+ O3

NO2 + PM10

Lag 1

0.527(0.211,0.843)*

0.459(0.034,0.885)*

0.995(0.550, 1.442)*

0.516(0.005, 1.030)*

0.563(0.245,0.882)*

0.361(−0.080,0.805)

Lag05

1.310(0.770,1.852)*

0.853(0.119,1.592)*

2.689(1.911,3.473)*

1.225(0.429,2.027)*

1.336(0.798,1.877)*

0.286(−0.471,1.049)

CO

CO

CO+ PM2.5

CO+ SO2

CO + NO2

CO+ O3

CO + PM10

Lag 1

0.013(0.003,0.023)*

0.0008(−0.009,0.025)

0.019(0.007, 0.031)*

0.000(−0.016,0.016)

0.014(0.004, 0.024)*

0.003(−0.013,0.019)

Lag05

0.034(0.016,0.051)*

−0.004(− 0.038,0.029)

0.046(0.025,0.067)*

0.004(− 0.023,0.030)

0.038(0.020, 0.056)*

− 0.016(− 0.043,0.010)

O3

O3

O3+ PM2.5

O3+ SO2

O3 + CO

O3+ NO2

O3 + PM10

Lag4

0.189(0.031,0.347)*

0.188(0.031,0.346)*

0.196(0.038,0.354)*

0.226(0.066,0.387)*

0.221(0.063,0.380)*

0.171(0.014,0.329)*

Lag05

0.499(0.183,0.815)*

0.452(0.138,0.767)*

0.499(0.183,0.816)*

0.593(0.276,0.911)*

0.522(0.208,0.837)*

0.383(0.068,0.699)*

  1. *P < 0.01