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Table 3 Microbiological variables

From: Clinical variables predicting the risk of a hospital stay for longer than 7 days in patients with severe acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a prospective study

 

Sputum sample collected in the previous year the hospitalisation

Sputum sample collectedduring the hospitalisation

 

Number of cases

Normal LHSa (≤ 7 days)

Prolonged LHSa (>  7 days)

p value

Number of cases

Normal LHSa (≤ 7 days)

Prolonged LHSa (>  7 days)

p value

Patients with positive cultures

63

33

67

0.008

91

35

43

0.179

Number of pathogens: 0

373

51

49

0.031

346

51

49

0.138

 1

43

33

67

 

89

39

61

 

 ≥ 2

20

35

65

 

2

50

50

 

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

16

13

87

0.041

25

12

88

0.001

Pseudomonas aeruginosa colonisationc

9

0

100

0.002

Haemophilus influenzae

5

60

40

0.323

16

31

69

0.454

Streptococcus pneumoniae

7

43

57

0.677

18

61

39

0.037

Streptococcus spp.

5

20

80

0.657

Staphylococcus spp.

4

50

50

0.595

7

29

71

0.699

Pasteurella

2

50

50

> 0.999

Moraxella catarrhalis

3

67

33

0.256

3

100

0

0.059

Candida spp.

2

50

50

> 0.999

Aspergillus

2

50

50

> 0.999

Serratia

1

0

100

> 0.999

Escherichia coli

1

0

100

> 0.999

Mycobacterium no-TBC

1

100

0

0.396

Polymicrobial

20

35

65

0.848

8

50

50

0.708

Classification according to the conventional treatmentb: MSCT

31

45

55

0.026

51

51

49

0.014

 MRCT

20

15

85

 

30

23

77

 

 MRCT colonisationc

10

10

90

0.009

Influenza B virus

2

50

50

> 0.999

Respiratory syncytial virus

7

43

57

> 0.999

Rhinovirus

7

29

71

0.450

Parainfluenza virus type 1

3

67

33

0.615

Parainfluenza virus type 3

3

0

100

0.499

Parainfluenza virus type 4

1

100

0

0.487

  1. aData reported as percentage related to number of cases for each of sputum sample. bPatients considered MSCT (for aminopenicillin with clavulanic acid, a macrolide or a tetracycline) or MRCT (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, MRSA, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Enterobacteriaceae producer of extended spectrum of beta lactamase and Acinetobacter baumannii) [2]. cColonisation was defined for a positive culture for the same microorganism in the sputum sample collected in the previous year and during hospitalisation. p value was calculated versus patients with a negative sample
  2. Abbreviations: LHS, length hospital stay; MRSA, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; MSCT and MRCT, microorganisms sensible and resistant to conventional treatment