Table 1 Association between symptoms and other patient characteristics with the odds of having undiagnosed COPD (v. no COPD)
From: The diagnostic performance of patient symptoms in screening for COPD
OR | 95% CI | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
Cough | |||
1 (vs.0) | 1.08 | 0.86–1.36 | 0.49 |
2 (vs.0) | 1.38 | 0.93–2.04 | 0.11 |
3 (vs.0) | 1.35 | 1.09–1.68 | 0.01 |
Wheeze | |||
1 (vs.0) | 1.34 | 1.03–1.73 | 0.03 |
2 (vs.0) | 1.74 | 1.38–2.20 | < 0.01 |
3 (vs.0) | 1.77 | 0.93–3.38 | 0.08 |
Phlegm | |||
1 (vs.0) | 1.21 | 0.89–1.66 | 0.23 |
2 (vs.0) | 1.35 | 0.77–2.36 | 0.30 |
3 (vs.0) | 1.24 | 0.93–1.65 | 0.14 |
Dyspnea | |||
2 (vs.1) | 1.26 | 1.05–1.50 | 0.01 |
3 (vs.1) | 2.05 | 1.30–3.22 | < 0.01 |
4 (vs.1) | 1.52 | 0.76–3.03 | 0.24 |
5 (vs.1) | 3.35 | 1.88–5.97 | < 0.01 |
Agea | 0.83 | 0.74-0.94 | < 0.01 |
Female (vs. male) | 1.03 | 0.81–1.30 | 0.82 |
BMIa | 0.78 | 0.68-0.89 | < 0.01 |
Caucasian (vs. non-Caucasian) | 2.39 | 1.28–4.48 | 0.01 |
Comorbidities | |||
1 comorbidity (vs. 0) | 0.93 | 0.76–1.14 | 0.51 |
2 comorbidities (vs. 0) | 0.75 | 0.48–1.18 | 0.21 |
Smoking between visits (vs. no) | 1.16 | 0.96–1.41 | 0.13 |
Smoking Pack-Years | |||
20–40 (vs. < 20) | 2.09 | 1.53–2.86 | < 0.01 |
> 40 (vs. < 20) | 3.09 | 2.22–4.32 | < 0.01 |