From: Impact of radiologically stratified exacerbations: insights into pneumonia aetiology in COPD
Characteristic | OR | (95% CI) | P-value |
---|---|---|---|
Age (per year) | 0.996 | (0.952–1.042) | 0.869 |
Male sex | 1.036 | (0.501–2.143) | 0.923 |
BMI (per 1 kg/m2) | 0.995 | (0.938–1.056) | 0.938 |
Current smoker | 1.524 | (0.700–3.319) | 0.288 |
ICS use | 3.552 | (0.322–39.159 | 0.301 |
Maintenance bronchodilator usea | 1.253 | (0.182–8.641) | 0.819 |
FEV1% predicted | |||
  ≥ 50% | Reference |  |  |
 30- < 50% | 1.044 | (0.496–2.198) | 0.909 |
  < 30% | 1.987 | (0.763–5.174) | 0.159 |
Season | |||
 Spring (Mar – May) | 1.435 | (0.498–4.134) | 0.504 |
 Summer (Jun – Aug) | Reference |  |  |
 Autumn (Sep – Nov) | 1.198 | (0.407–3.523) | 0.743 |
 Winter (Dec – Feb) | 3.056 | (1.139–8.200) | 0.027 |
Sputum purulence | 1.112 | (0.572–2.162) | 0.755 |
Fever | 2.583 | (0.979–6.811) | 0.055 |
Cold and/or sore throat | 0.435 | (0.223–0.847) | 0.014 |
Blood eosinophils < 2% at exacerbation | 0.871 | (0.451–1.681) | 0.680 |
CRP < 6 mg/L | Reference |  |  |
CRP 6–18 mg/L | 2.886 | (1.123–7.419) | 0.028 |
CRP > 18 mg/L | 5.723 | (2.273–14.407) | < 0.001 |