Variable | Patients with microorganisms resistant to conventional treatment (n = 34) | Patients with microorganisms sensitive to conventional treatment (n = 52) | Patients with negative microbiology (n = 109) | P value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age, mean (SD), years | 73 (10) | 71 (10) | 71 (11) | 0.546 |
Male sex, n (%) | 29 (85) | 43 (83) | 91 (83) | 0.950 |
BMI, mean (SD), Kg/m2 | 28 (5) | 27 (5) | 27 (5) | 0.756 |
Current smoker, n (%) | 4 (12)b,c | 21 (40)a | 43 (39)a | 0.008 |
Packs/year, median (IQR) | 33 (30; 90) | 50 (40; 60) | 60 (50; 95) | 0.043 |
AECOPD in the previous year, n (%) | 25 (74)c | 25 (48) | 41 (38)a | 0.001 |
≥2 AECOPD in the previous year, n (%) | 16 (47)c | 16 (31) | 19 (18)a | 0.003 |
Admissions by AECOPD in the previous year, n (%) | 20 (59)c | 17 (33) | 28 (26)a | 0.002 |
≥ 2 AECOPD or ≥ 1 admission for AECOPD in the previous year, n (%) | 24 (71)b,c | 21 (40) | 32 (30)b | < 0.001 |
Prior antibiotic treatment (last 3 months), n (%) | 26 (79)b,c | 22 (43)a,c | 22 (21)a,b | < 0.001 |
Prior antibiotic treatment, n (%) | 9 (27) | 14 (27) | 0 (0) | < 0.001 |
Inhaled corticosteroids use, n (%) | 17 (50) | 19 (41) | 35 (38) | 0.480 |
Bronchiectasis, n (%) | 13 (48) | 10 (28) | 29 (38) | 0.251 |
Long-term oxygen therapy, n (%) | 18 (53)c | 15 (29) | 31 (28)a | 0.023 |
Charlson index, median (IQR) | 2 (1; 3) | 2 (1; 3) | 2 (1; 3) | 0.459 |
BODEx index, median (IQR) | 3 (0; 6)c | 0 (0; 4.5) | 0 (0; 0)a | 0.001 |
mMRC Dyspnoea, median (IQR) | 3 (2; 3)b,c | 2 (1; 3)a | 2 (1; 3)a | < 0.001 |
COPDSS, median (IQR) | 19 (14; 21)b,c | 15 (9; 19)a | 13 (8; 18)a | < 0.001 |
FEV1, median (IQR), % ref | 33 (27; 41) | 45 (31; 55) | 39 (28; 57) | 0.073 |
FEV1 < 35% ref., n (%) | 17 (55) | 13 (28) | 39 (41) | 0.064 |
Positive sputum cultures in the previous year, n (%) | 18 (53)b,c | 12 (23)a | 11 (10)a | < 0.001 |
Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the previous year, n (%)d | 8 (44) | 1 (8) | 1 (9) | 0.048 |
Respiratory rate, mean (SD) | 22 (20; 26) | 22 (20; 28) | 24 (20; 26) | 0.423 |
Anthonisen classification, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | 0.793 |
 Type I | 17 (52) | 20 (40) | 42 (40) |  |
 Type II | 9 (27) | 19 (38) | 38 (36) |  |
 Type III | 7 (21) | 11 (22) | 25 (24) |  |
Purulent sputum, n (%) | 18 (55) | 18 (36) | 41 (39) | 0.203 |
Haemoglobin, median (IQR), gr/L | 134 (120; 146) | 142 (127; 151) | 139 (124; 153) | 0.159 |
pH, median (IQR) | 7.40 (7.36; 7.45) | 7.39 (7.34; 7.43) | 7.39 (7.35; 7.43) | 0.907 |
PaCO2, median (IQR), mmHg | 49 (42; 61) | 44 (38; 58) | 45 (38; 58) | 0.340 |
PaO2/FiO2, median (IQR), mmHg | 257 (230; 321) | 248 (207; 293) | 267 (232; 311) | 0.490 |
C-reactive protein, median (IQR), mg/dL | 2.5 (1.5; 5.4) | 5.4 (1.5; 17.4) | 4.9 (1.6; 12.8) | 0.113 |