Skip to main content

Table 3 Associations between GSTP1%methylationa (%m) and childhood PFT z-scoresb: Linear regression

From: Prenatal fine particulate exposure associated with reduced childhood lung function and nasal epithelia GSTP1 hypermethylation: Sex-specific effects

Spirometry (z-scores)a

Univariate Model

Multivariable-adjusted Modelsc

 

Model 1d

Model 2e

Model 3f

β

s.e.

p

Î’

s.e.

p

β

s.e.

p

β

s.e.

p

FEV 1

            

 GSTP1%m low

Ref

–

–

Ref

–

–

Ref

–

–

Ref

–

–

 GSTP1%m high

−0.38

0.20

0.06

−0.37

0.20

0.06

−0.40

0.20

0.05

−0.41

0.20

0.04

FVC

            

 GSTP1%m low

Ref

–

–

Ref

–

–

Ref

–

–

Ref

–

–

 GSTP1%m high

−0.20

0.20

0.32

−0.19

0.21

0.36

−0.21

0.21

0.29

−0.22

0.21

0.27

FEV 1 /FVC

            

 GSTP1%m low

Ref

–

–

Ref

–

–

Ref

–

–

Ref

–

–

 GSTP1%m high

−0.27

0.19

0.16

−0.27

0.19

0.16

−0.27

0.20

0.16

−0.27

0.20

0.16

FEF 25–75

            

 GSTP1%m low

Ref

–

–

Ref

–

–

Ref

–

–

Ref

–

–

 GSTP1%m high

−0.37

0.19

0.05

−0.38

0.19

0.05

−0.40

0.19

0.04

−0.39

0.19

0.04

  1. aGSTP1 average methylation ≥3.02 [n = 33 (25%)] vs < 3.02; dichotomized around 4th quartile
  2. bPFT z-scores adjusted for age, sex, height, race
  3. cMultivariable-adjusted linear regressions (Models 1–3) predicting PFT z-scores (dependent variables)
  4. dModel 1 additionally adjusted for maternal age and education
  5. eModel 2 (sensitivity model) additionally adjusted for child asthma
  6. fModel 3 (sensitivity model) additionally adjusted for child asthma and tobacco smoke exposure