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Table 5 Patients with mild to moderate and severe asthma excluding patients with a concurrent COPD diagnosis (asthma only) and asthma patient who also have a COPD diagnosis (“Both asthma and COPD”). Age adjusted data the year after index date. Mean cumulative event indicate is presented as events/100-patient-years. “Mild to moderate A versus B” and “Severe A versus B” indicate comparisons between patients with asthma only and “Both asthma and COPD” with mild to moderate and severe asthma, respectively

From: Prevalence and management of severe asthma in primary care: an observational cohort study in Sweden (PACEHR)

 

A

Asthma only (no COPD)

B

Both asthma and COPD

C

Mild to moderate A vs B

Severe A vs B

Mild to moderate

Severe

P value

Mild to moderate

Severe

P value

P value

P value

Study population, n (%)

16,007 (96.6)

558 (3.4)

 

1680 (88.3)

222 (11.7)

   

Poor asthma control, n (%)

4250 (26.5)

283 (50.8)

<0.001

743 (44.2)

130 (58.6)

<0.001

<0.001

0.018

≥600 SABA, n (%)

2249 (14.0)

154 (27.7)

<0.001

442 (26.3)

67 (30.1)

0.253

<0.001

0.324

Exacerbation, n (%)

Mean cumulative event

2595 (16.2)

203 (36.3)

<0.001

483 (28.8)

101 (45.4)

<0.001

  

29.09

87.46

<0.001

76.31

152.25

<0.001

<0.001

0.001

Oral steroids, n (%)

Mean cumulative event

2566 (16.0)

203 (36.3)

<0.001

481 (28.7)

100 (44.9)

<0.001

  

28.71

84.41

<0.001

75.06

150

<0.001

<0.001

0.006

Hospitalization, n (%)

Mean cumulative event

42 (0.3)

7 (1.2)

<0.001

16 (0.9)

4 (2.0)

0.414

  

0,3

2.33

<0.001

1.13

2.25

0.17

<0.001

0.035

ED visit, n (%)

Mean cumulative event

12 (0.1)

5 (0.9)

<0.001

1 (0.1)

0 (0.0)

1.000

  

0.07

0.72

<0.001

0.12

0

0.996

0.529

0.478

Asthma medications, n (%)

12,247 (76.5)

525 (94.2)

<0.001

1582 (94.2)

217 (97.9)

0.040

<0.001

<0.001

 Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS), n (%)

6069 (37.9)

139 (24.9)

<0.001

538 (32.0)

37 (16.7)

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

 Long-acting ß2-agonists (LABA), n (%)

1992 (12.4)

97 (17.4)

0.001

352 (21.0)

30 (13.6)

0.012

<0.001

<0.001

 Fixed ICS/LABA combination, n (%)

4567 (28.5)

409 (73.3)

<0.001

950 (56.6)

188 (84.7)

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

 Long-acting anticholinergics, n (%)

260 (1.6)

29 (5.2)

<0.001

669 (39.8)

120 (54.1)

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

 Leukotriene modifiers (LTRA), n (%)

1091 (6.8)

171 (30.7)

<0.001

128 (7.6)

35 (15.6)

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

 Methylxanthines, n (%)

43 (0.3)

6 (1.0)

0.002

27 (1.6)

9 (4.0)

0.024

0.050

0.05

 Short-acting ß2-agonists (SABA), n (%)

6635 (41.5)

326 (58.5)

<0.001

828 (49.3)

113 (50.9)

0.703

<0.001

<0.001

 Systemic corticosteroids (OCS), n (%)

2698 (16.9)

209 (37.5)

<0.001

493 (29.4)

102 (45.8)

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

 Omalizumab, n (%)

1 (0.0)

5 (0.9)

<0.001

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

1.000

1.000

1

 N-acetylcysteine, n (%)

1600 (10.0)

114 (20.4)

<0.001

626 (37.3)

112 (50.5)

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

 Primary care visits because of asthma, physician, n (%)

3491 (21.8)

153 (27.4)

0.002

291 (17.3)

44 (20.0)

0.410

0.001

0.009

 Primary care visits because of asthma, nurse, n (%)

799 (5.0)

35 (6.2)

0.207

93 (5.5)

9 (4.2)

0.446

0.604

1

 Primary care visits because of asthma, other, n (%)

418 (2.6)

23 (4.2)

0.041

98 (5.8)

19 (8.6)

0.150

<0.001

0.171

 Specialist outpatient visits because of asthma, n (%)

980 (6.1)

118 (21.1)

<0.001

87 (5.2)

21 (9.7)

0.015

<0.001

0.033