Table 1 Characteristics of patients and endobronchial one-way valve deployment in case reports included
From: Endobronchial one-way valves for treatment of persistent air leaks: a systematic review
n/N | Percentage | |
|---|---|---|
Demographics | ||
 Age (years), median (range) | 57 (18–93) | |
 Male sex | 28/51a | 54.9% |
 Female sex | 23/51a | 45.1% |
Underlying diseases | ||
 Lung infection | 11/52 | 21.2% |
 Infections of other sites | 1/52 | 2% |
 Lung related diseases | 26/52 | 50% |
 Chest trauma | 1/52 | 2% |
 Cancer | 14/52 | 26.9% |
 Systematic diseases | 3/52 | 5.8% |
Causes of air leak | ||
 Pneumothorax | 23/52 | 44.2% |
 Tension pneumothorax | 6/52 | 11.5% |
 Iatrogenic pneumothorax | 6/52 | 11.5% |
 Broncho-cutaneous fistula | 1/52 | 2% |
 Bronchopleural fistula | 6/52 | 11.5% |
 Alveolar-pleural and trans-diaphragmatic fistula | 1/52 | 2% |
 Empyema | 9/52 | 17.3% |
 Postoperative air leak | 12/52 | 23.1% |
Duration of air leak before endobronchial one-way valve deployment (days),median (range) | 15, (3–2520) | |
Location of air leak | ||
 Right upper | 17/52 | 32.7% |
 Right middle | 6/52 | 11.5% |
 Right lower | 6/52 | 11.5% |
 Left upper | 15/52 | 28.8% |
 Left lower | 8/52 | 15.4% |
 Right main bronchus | 1/52 | 2% |
 Left main bronchus | 1/52 | 2% |
 Lingual | 5/52 | 9.6% |
 Bronchus intermedius | 1/52 | 2% |
Type of endobronchial one-way valve used | ||
 Emphasys® | 32/122 | 26.2% |
 Spiration® IBV valves | 59/122 | 48.4% |
 Zephyr® | 31/122 | 25.4% |
Number of endobronchial one-way valves (per patient),median (range) | 2, (1–8) | |
Duration of air leak after endobronchial one-way valve deployment | ||
  < 1 day | 31/50b | 62% |
 1 day≦ ≦2 days | 6/50b | 12% |
  > 2 days | 13/50b | 26% |
Outcomes | ||
 Removal of endobronchial one-way valve | 20/50c | 40% |
 Migration of endobronchial one-way valve | 1/50c | 2% |
 Expectoration of endobronchial one-way valve | 1/50c | 2% |
 Recurrence of air leak | 3/50c | 6% |
 Death not related to deployment of endobronchial one-way valve | 3/50c | 6% |