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Table 1 Baseline characteristics

From: Prognostic and diagnostic significance of copeptin in acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and acute heart failure: data from the ACE 2 study

 

AECOPD (n = 84)

Acute HF (n = 143)

Non-HF, non-COPD

(n = 87)

P *

Age (years)

69 ± 9

75 ± 11

73 ± 18

<0.001

Male sex

35 (42%)

90 (63%)

39 (45%)

0.002

BMI (kg/m2)

24 ± 6

27 ± 6

29 ± 9

0.005

Heart rate (beats/min)

97 ± 18

92 ± 26

91 ± 22

0.107

MAP (mmHg)

102 ± 18

104 ± 21

99 ± 16

0.546

Peripheral edema

31 (37%)

77 (54%)

16 (18%)

0.014

NYHA class IV vs. II-III

47 (56%)

65 (46%)

24 (28%)

0.127

LVEF (%)

60 (50–60)a

40 (30–55)

60 (54–60)a

<0.001

FEV1% of predicted

39 ± 17

n.ab

n.ab

 

FEV1/FVC (%)

47 ± 15a

n.a b

n.ab

 

Current smoker

28 (33%)

30 (21%)

27 (31%)

0.039

Diabetes

9 (11%)

43 (30%)

16 (18%)

0.001

Chronic heart failure

9 (11%)

87 (61%)

5 (6%)

<0.001

Coronary artery disease

23 (27%)

78 (55%)

10 (12%)

<0.001

Hypertension

26 (31%)

69 (48%)

25 (29%)

0.011

COPD

84 (100%)

61 (43%)

10 (12%)

<0.001

Beta-blocker

31 (37%)

89 (62%)

19 (22%)

<0.001

ACEi/ARB

27 (32%)

87 (61%)

25 (29%)

<0.001

Diuretic therapy

33 (39%)

104 (73%)

23 (27%)

<0.001

K+ (mmol/L)

4.3 ± 0.5

4.4 ± 0.6

4.2 ± 0.5

0.667

Na+ (mmol/L)

138 (134–140)

139 (136–141)

138 (136–140)

0.050

eGFR (mL/min)

82 ± 20

61 ± 24

87 ± 31

<0.001

CRP (mg/L)

26 (6–50)

13 (5–35)

16.5 (1–95)

0.019

hs-TnT (ng/L)

18 (9–28)

38 (22–75)

9 (3–23)

<0.001

NT-proBNP (pg/mL)

379 (171–1010)

3600 (1601–8396)

280 (88–1293)

<0.001

Copeptin (pmol/L)

8.8 (5.2–19.7)

22.2 (10.2–47.9)

8.3 (4.3–18.2)

<0.001

  1. Continuous variables are presented as mean ± standard deviation or median (quartile 1–3). Binary variables are presented as absolute numbers and percentages
  2. Abbreviations: ACEi angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor, AECOPD Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, ARB angiotensin II receptor blocker, BMI Body mass index, CRP C-reactive protein, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate (CKD-EPI), FEV1 forced expiratory volume in one second, FVC forced vital capacity, HF heart failure, hs-TnT high sensitivity troponin T, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction, n.a. not applicable, NT-proBNP N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide, NYHA New York Heart Association, MAP Mean arterial pressure
  3. * P for difference between AECOPD and acute HF
  4. aMissing data >10%
  5. bMissing data >85%