Fig. 7From: Exposure to ambient particulate matter alters the microbial composition and induces immune changes in rat lungMicrobial abundance and diversity in exposure groups. Boxplots of alpha diversity measures of species richness (operational taxonomic unit [OTU] number, a) and microbial diversity (Chao 1 index, PD_whole_tree index, and observed_species index, b–d). Results are expressed as mean ± SEM; n = 6 rats. CON, control group; BMF, biomass fuel exposure group; MVE, motor vehicle exhaust exposure group. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01Back to article page