Multiple biomarkers predict disease severity, progression and mortality in COPD

Table 5 Clinical variables associated with mortality

	COPDGene		ECLIPSE
Clinical Variable	AIC	R²	AIC	R²
BODE	1604*	0.41	3099*	0.20
BODE + Age² + Age	1597*	0.45	3068*	0.29
BODE + Gender	1580*	0.50	3099*	0.21
BODE + Severe Exacerbations	1598*	0.44	3091*	0.23
BODE + Gender + Severe Exacerbations	1575*	0.53	3091*	0.23
BODE + Age² + Age + Severe Exacerbations	1590*	0.48	3061*^a	0.31
BODE + Age² + Age + Gender	1575*	0.53	3069*	0.29
BODE + Age² + Age + Gender + Severe Exacerbations	1568*^a	0.56	3062*	0.31

Analysis performed by Cox Proportional Hazards. The R² reported for clinical covariates (no biomarkers) is given. The R² reported for biomarkers refers to the R² of the biomarkers(s) over clinical covariates alone. *p < 10⁻¹³ in a two-sided t-test for the null hypothesis that β = 0
^aBest model