Azithromycin and risk of COPD exacerbations in patients with and without Helicobacter pylori

Table 1 Characteristics of Helicobacter pylori positive and negative patients

	H. pylori positive, n = 179	H. pylori negative, n = 824	p-value^*
Age, years	66.2 ± 8.5	65.3 ± 8.7	0.18
Male sex	118 (65.9)	485 (58.9)	0.08
Current smoker	36 (20.1)	175 (21.3)	0.73
Smoking history - Pack years	58.5 ± 32.5	58.3 ± 31.8	0.94
Ethnicity (Caucasian)	112 (62.6)	716 (86.9)	<0.001
Peptic ulcer history	36 (20.1)	102 (12.4)	0.006
Dyspnea (MRC grade)	1.55 ± 0.89	1.53 ± 0.91	0.78
Hospitalization for COPD past year	80 (44.7)	423 (51.3)	0.11
FEV₁, Liter	1.1 ± 0.5	1.1 ± 0.5	0.25
FEV₁, % predicted	38.5 ± 15.1	39.9 ± 15.7	0.27
FVC, Liter	2.5 ± 0.8	2.7 ± 0.9	0.07
FVC, % predicted	67.8 ± 16.4	70.7 ± 18.3	0.049
FEV₁/FVC %	42.5 ± 12.2	42.6 ± 12.8	0.97
GOLD grade, n (%)			0.65
II	42 (23.5)	216 (26.3)
III	75 (41.9)	344 (42.0)
IV	62 (34.6)	260 (31.7)
Baseline biomarker data
CRP (mg/L)	4.83 ± 3.89	4.91 ± 3.87	0.80
sTNFR75 (μg/L)	8.79 ± 4.41	8.71 ± 4.87	0.85

Data are presented as means ± standard deviation or absolute number (%)
MRC medical research council, FEV ₁ forced expiratory volume in one second, FVC forced vital capacity, GOLD Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease, CRP C-reactive protein, sTNFR75 soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor-75
^*Unpaired t-test or Chi-square test
The results of FEV₁, FVC, and FEV₁/FVC are post-bronchodilator values