Delayed pulmonary rehabilitation | Early pulmonary rehabilitation | Standardized difference (%) | |
---|---|---|---|
(n = 8459) | (n = 4113) | ||
Age (y), mean (SD) | 77.9 (9.5) | 79.4 (9.3) | 15.9 |
Sex (female), n (%) | 1646 (19.5) | 709 (17.2) | 5.7 |
Pre-admission within 180 days, n (%) | 1951 (23.1) | 902 (21.9) | 2.7 |
Japan Coma Scale, n (%) | 4.5 | ||
Alert | 6415 (75.8) | 3070 (74.6) | |
Dull | 1453 (17.2) | 745 (18.1) | |
Somnolence | 339 (4.0) | 190 (4.6) | |
Coma | 252 (3.0) | 108 (2.6) | |
Body mass index, n (%) | 4.1 | ||
< 18.5 | 2896 (34.2) | 1476 (35.9) | |
18.5–22.9 | 2817 (33.3) | 1362 (33.1) | |
23.0–24.9 | 701 (8.3) | 340 (8.3) | |
25.0–29.9 | 560 (6.6) | 257 (6.2) | |
≥ 30 | 115 (1.4) | 55 (1.3) | |
Missing | 1370 (16.2) | 623 (15.1) | |
Smoking index, mean (SD) | 701 (1420) | 758 (1857) | 3.4 |
Barthel index, n (%) | 4.8 | ||
0 | 2935 (34.7) | 1400 (34.0) | |
5–9 | 962 (11.4) | 460 (11.2) | |
10–14 | 1068 (12.6) | 580 (14.1) | |
15–19 | 488 (5.8) | 253 (6.2) | |
20 | 1209 (14.3) | 566 (13.8) | |
Missing | 1797 (21.2) | 854 (20.8) | |
Hugh-Jones dyspnoea scale score, n (%) | 16.2 | ||
0 | 1212 (14.3) | 706 (17.2) | |
1 | 310 (3.7) | 203 (4.9) | |
2 | 628 (7.4) | 381 (9.3) | |
3 | 787 (9.3) | 392 (9.5) | |
4 | 1886 (22.3) | 937 (22.8) | |
5 | 3044 (36.0) | 1287 (31.3) | |
Missing | 592 (7.0) | 207 (5.0) | |
Charlson comorbidity index, n (%) | 7.5 | ||
0–1 | 5202 (61.5) | 2677 (65.1) | |
2–3 | 2839 (33.6) | 1247 (30.3) | |
≥ 4 | 418 (4.9) | 189 (4.6) | |
Intensive care unit admission, n (%) | 694 (8.2) | 398 (9.7) | 5.2 |
Oxygen intake at admission, n (%) | 5895 (69.7) | 2904 (70.6) | 2 |
Intubation at admission, n (%) | 364 (4.3) | 116 (2.8) | 8 |
Steroid dose (mg), mean (SD) | 222 (653) | 188 (549) | 5.6 |
Hospital volume, mean (SD) | 215 (132) | 233 (131) | 13.9 |
Population density of patient living area (persons/km2), n (%) | |||
< 250 | 1281 (15.1) | 632 (15.4) | 1.2 |
≥ 250 | 7133 (84.4) | 3462 (84.9) | |
Missing | 45 (0.5) | 19 (0.5) | |
Distance between patient residence and hospital (km), mean (SD) | 6.8 (20.8) | 7.7 (34.4) | 3.2 |
Differential distance, n (%) | 31.5 | ||
0 km | 3782 (44.7) | 1226 (29.8) | |
> 0 km | 4592 (44.3) | 2554 (69.4) | |
Missing | 85 (1.0) | 33 (0.8) | |
Total pulmonary rehabilitation session (hours), mean (SD) | 7.6 (11.9) | 8.5 (12.3) | 7.4 |
Duration of pulmonary rehabilitation (days), mean (SD) | 19.2 (21.5) | 17.4 (18.5) | 9.0 |