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Fig. 4 | Respiratory Research

Fig. 4

From: Caffeine modulates glucocorticoid-induced expression of CTGF in lung epithelial cells and fibroblasts

Fig. 4

Impact of cAMP, forskolin, and cilomilast on CTGF mRNA expression in H441 cells. H441 cells were treated with 1 μM dexamethasone and/or 10 mM caffeine as well as 1 mM cAMP (a), 10 μM forskolin (b), and 10 μM cilomilast (c) for 24 h. qPCR against CTGF mRNA was performed as described in Methods. CTGF mRNA levels of H441 cells were normalized to GAPDH, and fold differences compared to untreated cells were calculated. Means + SD of n ≥ 2 independent experiments are shown. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001 compared to untreated controls; # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01, and ### p < 0.001 compared to cells treated with dexamethasone; $$$ p < 0.001 compared to cells treated with forskolin; §§§ p < 0.001 compared to cells treated with cilomilast

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