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Fig. 3 | Respiratory Research

Fig. 3

From: Combination of glycopyrronium and indacaterol inhibits carbachol-induced ERK5 signal in fibrotic processes

Fig. 3

CCh- or TGF-β1-augmented gel contraction was attenuated by GLY and IND in primary lung fibroblasts. After 24 h of SF-DMEM culture, lung fibroblasts from non-smokers or patients with COPD were pre-treated with GLY or IND for 30 min, casted into collagen gels and released into SF-DMEM in the presence or absence of CCh (a), TGF-β1 (b), with or without GLY/IND (c, d). Gel size was measured on day 3. Vertical axis: gel size expressed as a percentage of control. Horizontal axis: conditions. Each pair of symbols connected by a line represents data of an individual cell strain isolated from non-smokers or patients with COPD. Cells from non-smokers are indicated by open circles, cells from patients with COPD (GOLD I) by squares, and cells from patients with COPD (GOLD II) by closed circles. P < 0.05, † † P < 0.01, compared with control. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, compared with stimulus. § P < 0.05, compared with non-smokers and COPD lung fibroblasts in the same stimulus group

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