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Table 2 Prevalence of frequent and cardiopulmonary comorbidity in the study population, sorted from highest to lowest prevalence rate

From: Associations between chronic comorbidity and exacerbation risk in primary care patients with COPD

 

Total study populationa, (n = 14,603)

Patients with <2 exacerbations/year, (n = 13,709)

Patients with ≥2 exacerbations/year, (n = 894)

p-valueb

Frequent comorbidity

 Hypertension

5,116 (35 · 0)

4,805 (35 · 2)

311 (34 · 8)

0 · 873

 Coronary heart disease

2,759 (18 · 9)

2,569 (18 · 7)

191 (21 · 4)

0 · 051

 Osteoarthritis

2,570 (17 · 6)

2,402 (17 · 5)

168 (18 · 8)

0 · 334

 Diabetes

2,464 (16 · 9)

2,330 17 · 0)

134 (15 · 0)

0 · 120

 Peripheral vascular disease

2,031 (13 · 9)

1,897 (14 · 8)

150 (16 · 8)

0 · 006

 Blindness & low vision

1,938 (13 · 3)

1,772 (12 · 9)

166 (18 · 6)

<0 · 001

 Dyspepsia, gastroesophageal reflux

1,845 (12 · 6)

1,703 (12 · 4)

142 (15 · 9)

0 · 003

 Dislipidemia

1,703 (11 · 7)

1,613 (11 · 8)

90 (10 · 1)

0 · 125

 Stroke & transient ischaemic attack

1,357 (9 · 3)

1,259 (9 · 2)

98 (11 · 0)

0 · 076

 Chronic kidney diease

1,360 (9 · 3)

1,263 (9 · 2)

97 (10 · 9)

0 · 103

 Asthma

1,305 (8 · 9)

1,202 (8 · 8)

103 (11 · 5)

0 · 005

 Hearing loss

1,144 (7 · 8)

1,078 (7 · 9)

66 (7 · 4)

0 · 604

 Heart failure

1,048 (7 · 2)

943 (6 · 9)

105 (11 · 7)

<0 · 001

 Atrial fibrillation

1,044 (7 · 1)

964 (7 · 0)

80 (8 · 9)

0 · 031

 Skin cancer

913 (6 · 3)

862 (6 · 3)

51 (5 · 7)

0 · 485

 Osteoporosis/osteopenia

884 (6 · 1)

801 (5 · 8)

83 (9 · 3)

<0 · 001

 Thyroid disorder

808 (5 · 5)

757 (5 · 5)

51 (5 · 9)

0 · 817

 Depression

800 (5 · 5)

729 (5 · 3)

71 (7 · 9)

0 · 001

 Prostate disorders

784 (5 · 4)

719 (5 · 2)

65 (7 · 3)

0 · 009

Cardiopulmonary comorbidity

 Heart valve disease

568 (3 · 9)

528 (3 · 9)

40 (7 · 8)

0 · 035

 Bronchiectasis/chronic bronchitis

414 (2 · 8)

379 (2 · 8)

35 (3 · 9)

0 · 045

 Pulmonary cancer

317 (2 · 2)

284 (2 · 1)

33 (3 · 7)

0 · 001

 Sleep apneu syndrome

173 (1 · 2)

161 (1 · 2)

12 (1 · 3)

0 · 653

 Other chronic pulmonary disease

157 (1 · 1)

148 (1 · 1)

9 (1 · 0)

0 · 838

 Recurrent sinusitis

54 (0 · 4)

49 (0 · 4)

55 (6 · 2)

0 · 335

 Congenital cardiovascular anomaly

32 (0 · 2)

28 (0 · 2)

4 (0 · 4)

0 · 132

  1. aCOPD population with complete data available, patients lost to follow-up (n = 1,824) excluded
  2. b p-values displayed are calculated for the difference between the subgroup <2 versus ≥2 exacerbations/year Chi-square tests for categorized variables. p < 0 · 05 was considered statistically significant