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Table 1 Baseline characteristics: overall and by 6-year vital status

From: Admission levels of asymmetric and symmetric dimethylarginine predict long-term outcome in patients with community-acquired pneumonia

Factor

 

Total

Survivor

Non-Survivor

p value

N

 

268

148

120

 

Demographic characteristics

     

 Age, median (IQR)

 

72 (57, 82)

63 (43, 75)

80 (71, 86)

<0.001

 Gender, n (%)

Male

159 (59.3%)

78 (52.7%)

81 (67.5%)

0.014

Female

109 (40.7%)

70 (47.3%)

39 (32.5%)

Smoking status

     

 Current Smoker, n (%)

Non-smoker

193 (72.0%)

96 (64.9%)

97 (80.8%)

0.004

Smoker

75 (28.0%)

52 (35.1%)

23 (19.2%)

 

 Ever-Smoker, n (%)

Never-smoker

169 (63.1%)

86 (58.1%)

83 (69.2%)

0.062

Ever-smoker

99 (36.9%)

62 (41.9%)

37 (30.8%)

 

Comorbiditesa

     

 Coronary artery disease

 

49 (18.3%)

12 (8.1%)

37 (30.8%)

<0.001

 Congestive heart failure

 

33 (12.3%)

6 (4.1%)

27 (22.5%)

<0.001

 Cerebrovascular disease

 

26 (9.7%)

7 (4.7%)

19 (15.8%)

0.002

 Peripheral arterial occlusive disease

 

15 (5.6%)

4 (2.7%)

11 (9.2%)

0.022

 Chronic renal failure

 

64 (23.9%)

19 (12.8%)

45 (37.5%)

<0.001

 Diabetes mellitus

 

41 (15.3%)

17 (11.5%)

24 (20.0%)

0.054

 Tumor

 

32 (11.9%)

9 (6.1%)

23 (19.2%)

0.001

 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

 

70 (26.1%)

32 (21.6%)

38 (31.7%)

0.063

Vital signs

     

 Fever, n (%)

 

174 (65.2%)

111 (75.0%)

63 (52.9%)

<0.001

 Chills, n (%)

 

85 (36.0%)

59 (43.7%)

26 (25.7%)

0.004

 Pulse, median (IQR)

 

94 (82, 106)

94 (83, 108)

94 (80, 104)

0.21

 Temperature, median (IQR)

 

38.0 (37.1, 38.8)

38.2 (37.3, 39.0)

37.8 (37.0, 38.8)

0.084

 Systolic BP in mmHg, median (IQR)

 

130 (118, 146)

132 (120, 146)

130 (110, 148)

0.12

Severity scores

     

 PSI

1, 2

72 (26.9%)

65 (43.9%)

7 (5.9%)

<0.001

3

55 (20.5%)

36 (24.3%)

19 (15.8%)

4, 5

141 (52.7%)

47 (31.7%)

94 (78.4%)

 qSOFA score

0

116 (43.3%)

78 (52.7%)

38 (31.7%)

<0.001

1

127 (47.4%)

67 (45.3%)

60 (50.0%)

2, 3

25 (9.4%)

3 (2.0%)

22 (18.3%)

Metabolite concentrations (μM)

     

 Arginine

 

42.8 (28.6, 63.2)

43.3 (28.2, 64.3)

41.3 (29.6, 62.2)

0.97

 ADMA

 

0.56 (0.42, 0.73)

0.48 (0.38, 0.67)

0.62 (0.47, 0.83)

<0.001

 SDMA

 

0.85 (0.56, 1.15)

0.78 (0.52, 1.00)

1.01 (0.63, 1.38)

<0.001

 Arginine/ADMA Ratio

 

76.18 (54.08, 113.50)

85.11 (62.39, 116.58)

66.52 (48.51, 106.77)

0.004

  1. Bolded p values are statistically significant at p < 0.05
  2. Abbreviations: ADMA asymmetric dimethylarginine, BP blood pressure, PSI pneumonia severity index, qSOFA quick sepsis related organ failure assessment (sepsis risk score), SDMA symmetric dimethylarginine
  3. aComorbidities were identified based on medical records, patient report, or both
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Respiratory Research

ISSN: 1465-993X

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