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Table 3 Effects of pretreatments on the stretch-induced change in maximal efficacy to acetylcholine

From: The impact of low-frequency, low-force cyclic stretching of human bronchi on airway responsiveness

  

Cyclic stretch effect on ΔEmax (ACh) difference between control and stretch group

Effect of pretreatment

Effect size pretreatment

n

in absence of pretreatment (g)

in presence of pretreatment (g)

(g)

|d| [95% CI]

Epithelium removal

13

−0.01 ± 0.15

0.27 ± 0.14

0.27 ± 0.12a

0.54 [−0.26–1.29]

Indomethacin (1 μM)

8

0.12 ± 0.25

0.19 ± 0.11

0.07 ± 0.25

0.25 [−0.75–1.22]

MK476 (1 μM)

7

0.15 ± 0.29

0.51 ± 0.23

0.37 ± 0.28

0.53 [−0.57–1.55]

L-NAME (1 mM)

14

−0.01 ± 0.07

0.26 ± 0.14

0.25 ± 0.11a

0.66 [−0.12–1.40]

Nicardipine (10 μM)

10

0.25 ± 0.18

1.02 ± 0.44b

0.76 ± 0.43

0.73 [−0.21–1.60]

Tetrodotoxin (1 μM)

7

0.16 ± 0.25

−0.02 ± 0.12

−0.18 ± 0.30

−0.35 [−1.38–0.73]

Gadolinium (0.1 mM)

8

0.11 ± 0.22

0.39 ± 0.19

0.28 ± 0.28

0.49 [−0.53–1.45]

Tertiapine (10 μM)

9

−0.02 ± 0.08

0.25 ± 0.10b

0.27 ± 0.18

0.95 [−0.03–1.92]

Capsazepine (1 μM)

8

0.36 ± 0.26

0.29 ± 0.19

−0.07 ± 0.26

−0.11 [−1.08–0.88]

Calphostine C (0.1 μM)

9

0.00 ± 0.28

0.18 ± 0.22

0.18 ± 0.22

0.24 [−0.70–1.15]

SB203580 (0.1 μM)

10

−0.22 ± 0.21

−0.25 ± 0.16

−0.03 ± 0.25

−0.05 [−0.93–0.83]

Y27632 (1 μM)

11

−0.13 ± 0.22

0.21 ± 0.08b

0.33 ± 0.21

0.63 [−0.25–1.46]

  1. ΔEmax represented the difference in maximal contraction between the pre-stretch (points 1 to 2) and the post-stretch (points 5 to 6) concentration-response curves to ACh (Fig. 1). Values are means ± standard error of the mean and standardized effect size |d| and its 95% confidence interval [CI] for the difference between means. The observed effect of pretreatment is small (IdI ≥ 0.20), medium (IdI ≥ 0.50), or large (IdI ≥ 0.80) according to the Cohen’s conventions [23]. The 95% CI for d consists of the uncertainty around the real effect of cyclic stretch. a P < 0.05 pretreatment vs. no pretreatment. b P < 0.05 stretched vs. paired non-stretched control bronchi. ACh, acetylcholine