Differences in systemic adaptive immunity contribute to the ‘frequent exacerbator’ COPD phenotype

Respiratory Research

Table 2 Flow cytometry frequency results from COPD patients susceptible to frequent vs. infrequent exacerbations

Cell type	FE (n = 8) Mean ± SD % / Median (IQR) %	IE (n = 16) Mean freq. ± SD % / Median (IQR) %	p
CD3+	66.7 ± 12.0	77.2 ± 10.7	0.291
CD4+	71.2 ± 17.0	73.6 ± 14.7	0.748
CD4+ HLA-DR+	5.2 (2.3–7.0)	2.8 (2.3–4.9)	0.417
CD4+ PD-1+	29.8 ± 9.2	27.8 ± 11.5	0.652
CD4+ Naive	37.5 ± 13.7	34.8 ± 13.3	0.651
CD4+ Tcm	18.7 ± 4.3	23.9 ± 6.9	0.035
CD4+ Tem	25.5 ± 11.1	25.6 ± 11.3	0.983
CD4+ Tem PD-1+	60.2 ± 7.6	51.6 ± 13.5	0.059
CD4+ End	18.3 ± 4.9	15.8 ± 6.4	0.287
CD8+	21.0 (12.6–31.3)	19.2 (12.5–25.8)	0.787
CD8+ HLA-DR+	12.4 (4.2–23.4)	8.7 (6.4–20.9)	0.928
CD8+ PD-1+	37.9 ± 11.1	36.6 ± 13.4	0.800
CD8+ Naïve	11.1 ± 6.5	14.3 ± 7.8	0.294
CD8+ Tcm	15.0 (6.7–17.5)	13.0 (10.9–18.8)	0.834
CD8+ Tem	43.9 ± 15.5	37.4 ± 8.6	0.300
CD8+ Tem HLA-DR+	22.7 ± 13.5	31.5 ± 13.0	0.007
CD8+ End	27.4 ± 13.5	31.5 ± 13.0	0.488
Treg	6.6 ± 2.0	7.6 ± 2.0	0.270
Treg PD-1+	39.2 ± 14.0	35.3 ± 12.7	0.521
NK	62.9 ± 18.8	57.0 ± 17.6	0.473
NK CD56^bright	2.8 ± 2.1	3.5 ± 2.2	0.594
NK CD56^dim	58.8 ± 19.8	53.4 ± 18.4	0.530
NK CD56^brightCD16^dim	1.8 (1.1–4.8)	2.5 (1.4–4.4)	0.697
NK CD56^dimCD16^bright	48.1 ± 20.3	45.9 ± 18.7	0.803
NK CD56 + CD56^bright	3.5 (1.6–8.9)	6.5 (2.3–9.1)	0.358
NK CD56 + CD56^dim	92.7 (87.9–98.3)	93.4 (90.6–97.6)	0.903
iNKT	1.6 (1.0–3.3)	1.2 (0.73–2.5)	0.417
γδ T	0.78 (0.34–1.4)	0.32 (0.17–0.70)	0.153
γδ T CD56+	30.9 ± 15.4	32.3 ± 14.7	0.834
CD4+ : CD8+ ratio	45 ± 8.0	45 ± 6.2	0.959

Table shows the mean frequency (%) of cells based on their parent cell line. Significance was calculated using t test or Mann-Whitney U test as appropriate. PD-1+ cell marker for programmed cell death, End end-stage T cell, Treg regulatory T cell, NK natural killer, iNKT invariant natural killer T cell

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