Fig. 6

CS suppressed IRF7 mRNA induction by influenza virus in HBEC from smokers. HBEC from nonsmokers were cultured in growth media with or without 2 % CSE for 24 h. After infection of the cells with IAV at an MOI of 1 for 24 h, total RNA was extracted and IRF7 mRNA expression was assessed by qRT-PCR. Transcription level was normalized relative to the constitutively expressed β-actin gene. Data were expressed as the means ± SEM from three separate experiments from different donors. * denotes significant difference compared to data from the IAV infected cells from nonsmokers (NS + IAV), P < 0.05