Fig. 3From: Pseudomonas aeruginosa colonization enhances ventilator-associated pneumonia-induced lung injuryMechanical ventilation after PA instillation induced the production of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in the lungs of WT mice. PA (1 × 106 CFU) intranasal instillation and mechanical ventilation increased TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels in the lungs as compared to those in the PA instillation or mechanical ventilation alone groupBack to article page