From: Risk factors for mortality in patients admitted to intensive care units with pneumonia
Characteristics | Total patients (n = 667)a | Hospital non-survivors (n = 149)b | Hospital survivors (n = 518)c | P-value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Baseline variables | ||||
 Age (year): mean (SD) | 60.7 (15.95) | 68.4 (13.80) | 58.5 (15.85) | <0.001d |
 Female: n (%) | 292 (43.78) | 54 (36.24) | 238 (45.95) | 0.035e |
 BMI (kg/m2): mean (SD) | 28.2 (7.71) | 27.7 (7.44) | 28.3 (7.78) | 0.36d |
 APACHE II score: mean (SD) | 21.3 (7.53) | 24.6 (7.36) | 20.4 (7.32) | <0.001d |
 Medical admission: n (%) | 650 (97.45) | 147 (98.67) | 503 (97.10) | 0.29e |
 History of malignancy: n (%) | 30 (4.50) | 11 (7.38) | 19 (3.67) | 0.054e |
 End-stage renal disease: n (%) | 10 (1.50) | 5 (3.36) | 5 (0.97) | 0.034f |
 Chronic hepatic failure: n (%) | 7 (1.05) | 1 (0.67) | 6 (1.16) | 0.61f |
 Chronic respiratory disease: n (%) | 117 (17.54) | 39 (26.17) | 78 (15.06) | 0.002e |
 Chronic heart failure: n (%) | 27 (4.05) | 13 (8.72) | 14 (2.70) | 0.001e |
 Immunocompromise: n (%) | 98 (14.69) | 28 (18.79) | 70 (13.51) | 0.11e |
 Personal or family history of venous thromboembolism: n (%) | 28 (4.20) | 4 (2.68) | 24 (4.63) | 0.30f |
Intervention within the first 24Â h on admission: n (%) | ||||
 Inotropes/vasopressors | 284 (42.58) | 78 (52.35) | 206 (39.77) | 0.006e |
 Mechanical ventilation | 621 (93.10) | 140 (93.96) | 481 (92.86) | 0.64e |
 Dialysis | 21 (3.15) | 11 (7.38) | 10 (1.93) | 0.001e |
 Red blood cell transfusion | 37 (5.55) | 13 (8.72) | 24 (4.63) | 0.054e |
 Central venous catheterization | 532 (79.76) | 133 (89.26) | 399 (77.03) | 0.001e |
 Acetylsalicylic acid or clopidogrel | 169 (25.34) | 54 (36.24) | 115 (22.20) | 0.001e |
 Statins | 104 (15.59) | 28 (18.79) | 76 (14.67) | 0.22e |
 Stress ulcer prophylaxis | 584 (88.35) | 135 (91.84) | 449 (87.35) | 0.14e |
 Erythropoietin-stimulating agents | 5 (0.76) | 2 (1.35) | 3 (0.59) | 0.35f |
 Activated protein C | 7 (1.05) | 2 (1.35) | 5 (0.97) | 0.69f |