Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of participants
Controlled n = 3526 (43.5) | Partly controlled n = 1462 (18.0) | Uncontrolled n = 3123 (38.5) | Overall p-value* | Overall population n = 8111 (100.0) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age [years], mean (SD) | 49 (16) | 49 (16) | 52 (15) | <.001 | 50 (16) |
Age categories (years), n (%) | <.001 | ||||
≤ 39 | 991 (30.1) | 407 (30.0) | 572 (21.9) | 1970 (27.1) | |
40–64 | 1612 (49.0) | 694 (51.1) | 1519 (58.2) | 3825 (52.7) | |
≥ 65 | 688 (20.9) | 257 (18.9) | 518 (19.9) | 1463 (20.2) | |
Gender, n (%) | |||||
Female | 2207 (62.8) | 996 (68.3) | 2184 (70.1) | <.001 | 5387 (66.6) |
Body mass index categories, n (%) | <.001 | ||||
Normal weight (≥18.5 and <25 kg/m2) | 1469 (41.7) | 545 (37.3) | 1044 (33.4) | 3058 (37.7) | |
Obese (≥30 kg/m2) | 763 (21.7) | 384 (26.3) | 968 (31.0) | 2115 (26.1) | |
Overweight (≥25 and <30 kg/m2) | 1238 (35.1) | 505 (34.5) | 1069 (34.2) | 2812 (34.7) | |
Underweight (<18.5 kg/m2) | 53 (1.5) | 28 (1.9) | 42 (1.3) | 123 (1.5) | |
Living environment, n (%) | 0.038 | ||||
Rural | 871 (26.8) | 412 (30.0) | 792 (27.1) | 2075 (27.5) | |
Urban | 2374 (73.2) | 960 (70.0) | 2131 (72.9) | 5465 (72.5) | |
Education, n (%) | <.001 | ||||
None | 54 (1.8) | 13 (1.0) | 52 (1.9) | 119 (1.7) | |
Primary/middle school | 1122 (36.9) | 528 (39.9) | 1235 (45.7) | 2885 (40.8) | |
High school | 1179 (38.8) | 461 (34.8) | 890 (32.9) | 2530 (35.8) | |
Graduate/Post Graduate | 685 (22.5) | 321 (24.3) | 528 (19.5) | 1534 (21.7) | |
Employment status, n (%) | <.001 | ||||
Employed | 1811 (56.8) | 734 (54.0) | 1310 (45.1) | 3855 (51.8) | |
Unemployed/housewife/student | 602 (18.9) | 263 (19.3) | 553 (19.1) | 1418 (19.0) | |
Retired/Unable to work | 773 (24.3) | 363 (26.7) | 1039 (35.8) | 2175 (29.2) | |
Occupational exposure to allergens/irritants among employed, n (%) | 581 (32.1) | 294 (40.1) | 542 (41.4) | 0.008 | 1417 (36.8) |
Smoking habits, n (%) | <.001 | ||||
Never-smoker | 2312 (66.6) | 913 (63.8) | 1966 (63.8) | 5191 (65.0) | |
Current Smoker | 314 (9.0) | 182 (12.7) | 425 (13.8) | 921 (11.5) | |
Ex-Smokera | 846 (24.4) | 337 (23.5) | 691 (22.4) | 1874 (23.5) | |
Smoking history pack yearsb, mean (SD) | 14 (14) | 15 (14) | 16 (16) | <.001 | 15 (15) |
Pack years ≥10, n (%) | 588 (51.9) | 280 (55.9) | 641 (58.5) | 0.007 | 1509 (55.3) |
Allergies, n (%) | 0.059 | ||||
Yes | 2327 (68.6) | 953 (67.3) | 1992 (65.8) | 5272 (67.3) | |
No | 1065 (31.4) | 463 (32.7) | 1035 (34.2) | 2563 (32.7) | |
Frequent allergiesc | |||||
Inhalants, n (%) | 2148 (92.3) | 861 (90.3) | 1783 (89.5) | 0.005 | 4792 (90.9) |
Drugs, n (%) | 247 (10.6) | 115 (12.1) | 312 (15.7) | <.001 | 674 (12.8) |
Foods, n (%) | 219 (9.4) | 98 (10.3) | 207 (10.4) | 0.520 | 524 (9.9) |
Comorbidities relevant to respiratory tractd, n (%) | |||||
Allergic rhinitis | 976 (55.8) | 452 (57.6) | 860 (50.3) | <.001 | 2288 (53.9) |
Hypertension | 508 (29.0) | 247 (31.5) | 629 (36.8) | <.001 | 1384 (32.6) |
Gastro − esophageal reflux | 351 (20.1) | 181 (23.1) | 500 (29.2) | <.001 | 1032 (24.3) |
Chronic rhinosinusitis | 259 (14.8) | 96 (12.2) | 276 (16.1) | 0.040 | 631 (14.9) |
Psychological disturbances | 145 (8.3) | 95 (12.1) | 333 (19.5) | <.001 | 573 (13.5) |
Respiratory infections | 105 (6.0) | 81 (10.3) | 288 (16.8) | <.001 | 474 (11.2) |
Nasal polyposis | 165 (9.4) | 54 (6.9) | 150 (8.8) | 0.107 | 369 (8.7) |
Obstruction Sleep Apnea Syndrome | 74 (4.2) | 33 (4.2) | 92 (5.4) | 0.216 | 199 (4.7) |
Congestive heart failure | 27 (1.5) | 27 (3.4) | 113 (6.6) | <.001 | 167 (3.9) |
Outpatients visitse | |||||
Mean (SD) | 5.3 (5.6) | 6.9 (6.5) | 8.3 (7.7) | <001 | 6.7 (6.8) |
Patients with at least one visit, n (%) | 3353 (95.1) | 1399 (95.7) | 2996 (95.9) | 0.241 | 7748 (95.5) |