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Fig. 1 | Respiratory Research

Fig. 1

From: Airway epithelial cell exposure to distinct e-cigarette liquid flavorings reveals toxicity thresholds and activation of CFTR by the chocolate flavoring 2,5-dimethypyrazine

Fig. 1

High-capacity real-time cellular analysis reveals toxicity thresholds of e-liquid flavorings. The toxicity thresholds of individual e-cigarette liquid flavoring constituents on 16HBE14o- cells was determined by cellular impedance changes over 24 h. a-d The highest concentration of each flavoring constituent was representative of the % v/v present in e-cigarette liquid. e-g The highest concentration of each flavoring constituent represented 1/10th the % v/v present in e-cigarette liquid. All flavors except furaneol (f) and vanillin (g) displayed cell index changes consistent with cytotoxicity that was validated with an MTS assay (h). *indicates significant difference from control cells and ^indicates significant difference between concentrations of the same flavoring, P < 0.05 in a one-way ANOVA with a Tukey’s Multiple Comparison Test

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Respiratory Research

ISSN: 1465-993X

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