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Fig. 1 | Respiratory Research

Fig. 1

From: The activation of M3 mAChR in airway epithelial cells promotes IL-8 and TGF-β1 secretion and airway smooth muscle cell migration

Fig. 1

The role of IL-8 and TGF-β1 from CSE-stimulated epithelial cells in initiating ASM cell migration. Tiotropium (Tio, 0.1, 1, 10 μM) was added to the A549 cells 30 min before stimulation with 3 % CSE. After 72 h of stimulation, the supernatants were collected and the IL-8 (a) and TGF-β1 (b) concentrations were determined using an ELISA. ASM cell migration initiated by the A549 cells stimulated with 3 % CSE were reduced by the IL-8 inhibitor Ac-RRWWCR-NH2 and the TGF-β1 inhibitor SB431542. Cell migration was detected by using transwell chamber assay (c, ×100) and scratch assay (e, ×100). A quantitative analysis of migration used Image Pro Plus 6.0 (d and f). The values are expressed as the means ± SEM, n = 3-5. †† p < 0.01 vs the control group, * p < 0.05 and ** p < 0.01 vs the CSE group

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Respiratory Research

ISSN: 1465-993X

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