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Table 1 Univariate analysis performed in the derivation sample (n = 1252)
| 30-day mortality | 60-day mortality | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No | Yes | No | Yes | |
| 1206 (96.3 %) | 46 (3.7 %) | 1173 (93.7 %) | 79 (6.3 %) | |
| Agea | 72.5 (9.8) | 77.7 (8.6)* | 72.3 (9.8) | 77.3 (8.9)* |
| Sex (Male) | 1105 (91.6) | 42 (91.3) | 1075 (91.7) | 72 (91.1) |
| Baseline FEV1 % | ** | |||
| ≥50 | 42 (4.2) | 0 (−) | 40 (4.1) | 2 (3.0) |
| 30 < FEV1 % < 50 | 295 (29.4) | 6 (14.6) | 286 (29.2) | 15 (22.7) |
| ≤30 | 666 (66.4) | 35 (85.4) | 652 (66.7) | 49 (74.2) |
| Charlson Comorbidity Indexa | 2.22 (1.52) | 3.11 (2.23)* | 2.19 (1.50) | 3.15 (2.00)* |
| >2 | 374 (31.0) | 24 (52.2)** | 351 (29.9) | 47 (59.5)* |
| Diabetes mellitus | 238 (19.8) | 19 (41.3)* | 230 (19.7) | 27 (34.2)** |
| Cardiopathy | 345 (28.6) | 24 (52.2)** | 327 (27.9) | 42 (53.2)* |
| Previous LT-DOT or NIMV at home | 380 (31.5) | 34 (73.9)* | 367 (31.3) | 47 (59.5)* |
| Number of previous admissions due to eCOPD | 0.85 (1.38) | 1.04 (1.28) | 0.84 (1.38) | 1.08 (1.37) |
| 0-1 | 970 (80.4) | 35 (76.1) | 445 (80.6) | 60 (76.0) |
| 2 | 103 (8.5) | 2 (4.4) | 101 (8.6) | 4 (5.1) |
| ≥3 | 133 (11.0) | 9 (19.6) | 127 (10.8) | 15 (19.0) |
| Glasgow Coma Score – <15 | 32 (2.7) | 7 (15.2)* | 30 (2.6) | 9 (11.4)* |
| Heart rate upon ED arrival (≥120) | 104 (8.6) | 8 (17.4) | 99 (8.4) | 13 (16.5) |
| Use of inspiratory accessory muscle upon ED arrival | 256 (21.2) | 23 (50.0)* | 252 (21.5) | 27 (34.2)** |
| Paradoxical breathing upon ED arrival | 52 (4.3) | 9 (19.6)* | 48 (4.1) | 13 (16.5)* |
| pH upon ED arrival | * | ** | ||
| ≥7.35 | 986 (88.6) | 30 (68.2) | 958 (88.4) | 58 (79.5) |
| 7.26-7.34 | 106 (9.5) | 8 (18.2) | 105 (9.7) | 9 (12.3) |
| <7.26 | 21 (1.9) | 6 (13.6) | 21 (1.9) | 6 (8.2) |
| PCO2 upon ED arrival | * | * | ||
| ≤45 | 613 (58.5) | 10 (23.3) | 596 (58.4) | 27 (38.0) |
| 46-55 | 233 (22.2) | 14 (32.6) | 226 (22.2) | 21 (29.6) |
| 56-65 | 111 (10.6) | 9 (20.9) | 109 (10.7) | 11 (15.5) |
| >65 | 91 (8.7) | 10 (23.3) | 89 (8.7) | 12 (16.9) |
| MRC breathlessness scale | * | * | ||
| 1-2 | 404 (33.5) | 2 (4.4) | 401 (34.2) | 5 (6.3) |
| 3 | 227 (18.8) | 3 (6.5) | 220 (18.8) | 10 (12.7) |
| 4 | 329 (27.3) | 11 (23.9) | 319 (27.2) | 21 (26.6) |
| 5 | 119 (9.9) | 19 (41.3) | 109 (9.3) | 29 (36.7) |
| missing | 127 (10.5) | 11 (23.9) | 124 (10.6) | 14 (17.8) |
