Fig. 3
Effect of vitamin D deficiency on airway inflammation in air- and CS-exposed mice after 6 and 12 weeks. At the age of 8 weeks, C57Bl/6J vitamin D deficient and control mice were exposed to CS or ambient air for a period of 6 or 12 weeks. The number of a neutrophils (CD11c−CD11b+Ly6G+), d CD4+ T cells and e CD8+ T cells was determined in the BAL fluid using flow cytometry. Data are expressed as number of cells (×104) per milliliter of recovered BAL fluid. Levels of b KC and c TNF-α were measured in the supernatant of the BAL fluid. n = 10–12 per group per time point; mean ± SEM; **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001