Table 2 Characteristic of blood and Induced Sputum samples, and EBC chemokines
From: Increased of exhaled breath condensate neutrophil chemotaxis in acute exacerbation of COPD
Healthy controls | Stable COPD patients | Exacerbated COPD patients | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Outpatients | Hospitalized | |||
No of subjects | 20 | 17 | 16 | 17 |
Blood | ||||
Leukocytes (per mL) | 5530 (3060) | 7825 1420) | 8825 (5040)* | 12660 (5430)**† |
Neutrophils (per mL) | 3295 (1940) | 4985 (1560) | 6670 (5093)** | 9090 (6030)**† |
% neutrophils | 60.1 (7.8) | 59.2 (7.6) | 76.0 (8.4)**†† | 84 (15.2)**††† |
% lymphocytes | 30.9 (7.3) | 28.9 (8.6) | 17.0 (10.1)* | 10.8 (8.3)**††† |
CRP (mg/L) | 0.9 (2.1) | 3.9 (5.9) | 21.4 (83.5)**† | 9.2 (49.0)**† |
Fibrinogen (g/L) | 2.6 (0.6) | 3.3 (1.4) | 4.9 (2.4)***††† | 5.1 (1.7)***† |
Induced sputum | ||||
Squamous epithelial cells (%) | 24.0 (25.0) | 10.0 (10.0) | 0.0 (2.0)** | 6.0 (21.0) |
Total non squamous cell count (x106 cells/g sputum) | 0.3 (1.2) | 3.7 (6.4)* | 13.1 (25.7)** | 6.0 (16.5)** |
Viability (%) | 69.5 (24.8) | 78 (16) | 86.5 (14.5) | 72.5 (29.5) |
Neutrophils, % | 49.3 (36.1) | 81.5 (28.5)* | 91.0 (7.6)** | 83.5 (25.3)* |
Neutrophils count(x103/g sputum) | 120.2 (532) | 4511.8 (5853)* | 11139.0 (24009)** | 3523.8 (16974)** |
Macrophages, % | 32.0 (26.1) | 8 (14.7)* | 4.5 (7.1)** | 6.5 (10.9)** |
Eosinophils, % | 0.0 (0.6) | 2.5 (3.8)* | 0.4 (0.6) | 0.5 (1) |
Lymphocytes, % | 1.9 (2.6) | 1.0 (1.8) | 1.0 (1.0) | 1.3(2.8) |
Epithelial cells, % | 6.8 (21.8) | 7.0 (7.9) | 1.8 (3.6) | 1.1 (7.9) |
Exhaled breath condensate | ||||
LTB4 pg/mL | 34.0 (28) | 74.0 (53)* | 66.0 (47.0)** | 68 (46)* |
GRO-α pg/mL | 10.0 (13) | 17 (34) | 56.1 (49.0)* | 45.0 (46.0)* |