Skip to main content

Table 3 Results of unsupervised k-means clustering in (a) non-Hispanic white and (b) African American subjects with fixed threshold-defined P reserved R atio I mpaired S piro m etry (PRISm)

From: Epidemiology, genetics, and subtyping of preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm) in COPDGene

 

(a) Non-Hispanic White subjects

(b) African American subjects

Feature

Cluster 1

Cluster 2

Cluster 3

Cluster 1

Cluster 2

Cluster 3

n

227

291

137

171

167

142

Age

57.9 (8.2)

62.2 (8.1)

59.2 (9.4)

52.9 (5.8)

54.6 (6.1)

52.6 (5.3)

Sex (% male)

34.8

45.7

51.1

47.4

56.9

45.1

Body Mass Index

30.9 (6.4)

30.4 (6.3)

36.2 (7.1)

32.0 (6.8)

27.3 (6.0)

35.7 (8.4)

Current smoker

53.3

43.6

49.6

84.8

83.8

80.3

Pack-years

42.8 (22.6)

46.6 (24.5)

50.9 (29.7)

35.6 (18.5)

39.6 (24.0)

38.1 (21.4)

FEV1% predicted

74.2 (4.3)

73.4 (5.3)

60.5 (7.8)

73.3 (5.1)

72.7 (6.2)

62.5 (8.9)

FEV1/FVC

0.80 (0.04)

0.74 (0.03)

0.74 (0.04)

0.83 (0.04)

0.74 (0.03)

0.75 (0.03)

FEF 25–75

2.21 (0.65)

1.58 (0.47)

1.41 (0.47)

2.38 (0.71)

1.58 (0.50)

1.42 (0.43)

Resting O2 saturation

96.4(2.3)

96.3 (2.1)

95.2 (2.9)

97.1 (2.2)

97.1 (2.3)

96.6 (2.7)

TLCCT*% predicted

79.4 (9.8)

90.4 (10.7)

74.4 (12.7)

71.0 (11.1)

83.6 (12.3)

71.6 (12.3)

Percent emphysema

0.6 (0.7)

2.6 (2.7)

0.9 (1.1)

0.5 (0.6)

2.7 (4.5)

0.8 (1.0)

Segmental Wall Area%

62.0 (2.5)

60.6 (2.3)

64.7 (2.6)

62.4 (2.8)

61.9 (2.9)

65.7 (2.5)

Percent Gas Trapping

6.5 (6.0)

13.5 (8.6)

9.8 (7.1)

7.2 (7.3)

14.8 (13.5)

9.4 (7.5)

Diabetes Mellitus

18.5

14.4

36.5

22.8

15.6

27.5

Hypertension

36.6

47.4

56.2

53.8

51.5

54.2

Hyperlipidemia

45.4

58.8

59.9

31.0

24.0

29.6

Chronic bronchitis

16.3

15.8

32.9

11.1

19.2

14.8

Bronchodilator Response

11.5

13.5

22.2

11.4

9.2

20.1

MMRC

1.154 (1.32)

1.13 (1.29)

1.95 (1.50)

1.63 (1.53)

1.57 (1.47)

1.96 (1.53)

6 minute walk distance

1386.5 (347.1)

1392.2 (320.4)

1132.6 (390.2)

1219.9 (349.4)

1279.5 (338.1)

1099.2 (342.1)

  1. Results are reported as mean (SD) or percent.
  2. Preserved Ratio Impaired Spirometry (PRISm) defined as: FEV1/FVC ≥ 0.7 & FEV1 < 80% predicted.
  3. *TLCCT = Total Lung Capacity by computed tomography.
  4. Bronchodilator response considered present if the change in FEV1 or FVC was >200 mL and ≥ 12% predicted following administration of short acting inhaled beta-agonist.
  5. MMRC = Modified Medical Research Council.