Respiratory Research

Table 2 Predictive (%) serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) levels (pg/ml) of the measured cytokines and adhesion molecules for acute respiratory distress syndrome development in patients at risk (n = 42)

From: The predictive role of serum and bronchoalveolar lavage cytokines and adhesion molecules for acute respiratory distress syndrome development and outcome

	Criterion	PPV	NPV	Sensitivity	Specificity	95% CI
	Serum
IL-1	225	39	94	88	58	0.55–0.87
TNF-α	325	38	89	75	62	0.39–0.74
sICAM-1	300	42	90	75	69	0.48–0.81
sVCAM	>260	50	95	88	73	0.59–0.89
	BALF
IL-1	136	32	87	75	50	0.35–0.70
TNF-α	82	32	92	88	42	0.44–0.77
sICAM-1	1540	35	88	75	58	0.38–0.73
sVCAM	392	42	86	63	73	0.45–0.79

PPV = positive predictive value; NPV = negative predictive value; CI = confidence interval; IL-1 = interleukin-1; TNF-α = tumour necrosis factor-alpha; sICAM-1 = serumintercellular adhesion molecule-1; sVCAM = serum vascular adhesion molecule

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