Figure 3
From: Insulin utilizes the PI 3-kinase pathway to inhibit SP-A gene expression in lung epithelial cells
Transcription of the human SP-A genes in the presence or absence of insulin (2.5 μg/ml). The level of transcription in control cells at the 4-hour time-point was made equal to one. The data are the results of three experiments expressed as the mean ± SD (standard deviation of the mean). (A) A representative phospho-image of human SP-A and human α-actin gene transcription in H441 cells treated with or without insulin for the time periods indicated. (B) Insulin inhibited human SP-A gene transcription as early as after 1 hour of insulin exposure, with a maximum effect observed after 24 hours when compared to controls. SP = surfactant protein